But to sum them all up in one, he is called in the new Testament _plain_ DEVIL; all his other names are varied according to the custom of speech, and the dialects of the several nations where he is spoken of; But in a word, _Devil_ is the common name of the _Devil_ in all the known languages of the earth. Nay, all the mischiefs he is empowered to do, are in Scripture placed to his account, under the particular title of the _Devil_, not of _Devils_ in the plural number, though they are sometimes mentioned too; but in the singular it is the identical individual _Devil_, in and under whom all the little _Devils_, and all the great _Devils_, if such there be, are supposed to act; nay, they are supposed to be govern'd and directed by him. Thus we are told in Scripture of the works of _the Devil_, 1 John iii. 8. of casting out _the Devil_, Mark i. 34. of resisting _the Devil_, James iv. 5. of our Saviour being tempted of _the Devil_, Mat. iv. 1. of _Simon Magus_, a child of the _Devil_, Acts xiii. 10. The _Devil_ came down in a great wrath, _Rev._ xii. 12. _and the like_. According to this usage in speech we go on to this day, and all the infernal things we converse with in the world, are fathered upon the _Devil_, as one undivided simple essence, by how many agents soever working: Every thing evil, frightful in appearance, wicked in its actings, horrible in its manner, monstrous in its effects, is called the _Devil_; in a word, _Devil_ is the common name for all _Devils_; that is to say, for all evil Spirits, all evil Powers, all evil Works, and even all evil things: Yet 'tis remarkable _the Devil_ is no old Testament word, and we never find it used in all that part of the Bible but four times, and then not once in the singular number, and not once to signify _Satan_ as 'tis now understood. It is true, the Learned give a great many differing interpretations of the word _Devil_; the _English_ Commentators tell us, it means _a destroyer_, others that it signifies a deceiver, and the _Greeks_ derive it from a _Calumniator_ or false witness; for we find that _Calumny_ was a _Goddess_, to whom the _Athenians_ built altars and offer'd Sacrifices upon some solemn occasions, and they call her Diabole from whence came the masculine Diabolos which we translate _Devil_. Thus we take the name of _Devil_ to signify not persons only, but actions and habits; making imaginary Devils, and transforming that substantial creature call'd DEVIL into every thing noxious and offensive: Thus St. _Francis_ being tempted by the _Devil_ in the shape of a bag of money lying in the highway, _the Saint_ having discover'd the fraud, whether seeing his _Cloven-foot_ hang out of the purse, or whether he distinguish'd him by his smell of _sulphur_, or how otherwise, authors are not agreed; but, I say, the Saint having discover'd the cheat, and out-witted the _Devil_, took occasion to preach that eminent sermon to his disciples, where his Text was, _Money is_ THE DEVIL.