The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 3 (of 3)St. John, James Augustus
History
The History of the Manners and Customs of Ancient Greece, Volume 3 (of 3)
St. John, James Augustus
Greece -- Social life and customs
From these circumstances we may learn, that the Athenian government was
by no means penurious in its appropriation of those funds which the
contributions of the wealthier citizens placed at its disposal.
On the amount of the daily allowance writers are not agreed, some
pretending it was three oboli, others two, and others an obolos. The
truth, probably, is, that, originally, it exceeded not a single obolos,
but that, as prices augmented, or, rather, as the coin deteriorated in
value, it was found necessary to double the amount.[285] Whether it was
ever raised to three oboli seems doubtful; the affirmation of the
Scholiast on Æschines[286] may be a mistake; but the mere fact that this
was the pay of the dicasts is no reason at all for calling the testimony
of the grammarian in question.[287] Be this, however, as it may, in the
time of Lysias,[288] one obolos only was bestowed, and Bœckh has
attempted, with much ingenuity, to determine the date of the increased
allowance. It had not taken place, according to Harpocration, in the
time of Aristotle; but Philochoros, the next writer who touches on the
subject, observes, that it was nine drachmæ a month, or fifty-four
oboli,[289] which, omitting the fractions, is equal to two oboli a day.
The year in which Aristotle composed his treatise on the Athenian
government is not exactly known; it was probably, however, after his
return from Macedon, 334 B.C. Philochoros was Hieroscopos at Athens in
the year of Corœbos, 306 B.C. He did not, however, publish his Atthis
till about the year 260 B.C., at which time the poor allowance had been
raised to two oboli. The date of the increase, therefore, falls
somewhere within the preceding seventy years.[290]
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Footnote 285:
That this allowance was not very scanty may be inferred from the fact,
that when the people of Trœzen publicly received the wives and parents
of the Athenians on their retreat from the city during the Persian
invasion, they allowed each individual only two oboli a day. Plut.
Themist. § 10.
Footnote 286:
Ap. Taylor ad Lys. Orat. Att. t. ii. p. 537. Dobs.
Footnote 287:
Bœckh’s over-acuteness has, probably, misled him on this point. i.
325.
Footnote 288:
Pro Impot. §§ 4. 8.
Footnote 289:
Philoch. Fragm. p. 44, seq. with the notes of Lenz and Siebelis. Conf.
Harpocrat. v. ἀδύνατ. cum not. Gronov. et Vales. Petit, Legg. Att.
558, seq.
Footnote 290:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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