Produced by Bryan Ness, Christine P. Travers and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) [Transcriber's note: Obvious printer's errors have been corrected. Hyphenation and accentuation have been standardised, all other inconsistencies are as in the original. The author's spelling has been maintained.] THE HISTORY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN CARICATURE [Illustration: What it is and What is it?] THE HISTORY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN CARICATURE BY ARTHUR BARTLETT MAURICE and FREDERIC TABER COOPER _PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED_ LONDON GRANT RICHARDS 1904 Copyright, 1903, 1904 By DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY BURR PRINTING HOUSE NEW YORK CONTENTS CHAPTER Page PART I. THE NAPOLEONIC ERA I. The Beginning of Political Caricature 1 II. Hogarth and his Times 12 III. James Gillray 19 IV. Bonaparte As First Consul 28 V. The Emperor at his Apogee 35 VI. Napoleon's Waning Power 44 PART II. FROM WATERLOO THROUGH THE CRIMEAN WAR VII. After the Downfall 57 VIII. The "Poire" 65 IX. The Baiting of Louis-Phillipe 73 X. Mayeux and Robert Macaire 90 XI. From Cruikshank to Leech 97 XII. The Beginning of Punch 101 XIII. Retrospective 111 XIV. '48 and the Coup d'Etat 119 XV. The Struggle in the Crimea 128 PART III. THE CIVIL AND FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WARS XVI. The Mexican War and Slavery 143 XVII. Neglected Opportunities 159 XVIII. The South Secedes 166 XIX. The Four Years' Struggle 175 XX. Nations and Men in Caricature 188 XXI. The Outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War 197 XXII. The Debacle 206 PART IV. THE END OF THE CENTURY XXIII. The Evolution of American Caricature 231 XXIV. The Third French Republic 236 XXV. General European Affairs 245 XXVI. Thomas Nast 255 XXVII. The American Political Campaigns of 1880 and 1884 269 XXVIII. The Influence of Journalism 278 XXIX. Years of Turbulence 289