in _Greece_, in _Candia_, and the other Islands, in _Sicily_, in _Cyprus_, in _Lycia_, in _Isauria_, in _Egypt_, and in _Arabia_; and that they all met to maintain the Orthodox Faith, the Faith of the Council of _Nice_[N19.2]. In his Letter to the Emperor _Jovian_ he assures him, that the Symbol of _Nice_ was received in the above-mentioned Provinces, and besides, in _Britain_, in _Africa_, in _Pamphylia_, in _Libya_, in _Pontus_, in _Cappadocia_, and in the East, that is, in the Patriarchate of _Antioch_[N19.3]. But in the Provinces of _Thrace_, of _Bithynia_, and the _Hellespont_, the _Semi-Arians_ prevailed, till they were overpowered by the _Arians_, strongly supported by the Emperor _Valens_, a most zealous Defender of _Arianism_. Footnote N19.1: Theod. l. 4. c. 3. Footnote N19.2: Athan. de Afr. & ad Epict. Footnote N19.3: Id. ad Jov. ----- [Sidenote: _A Council convened by the_ Semi-Arians.] As every one was allowed by _Julian_ to believe what he pleased, and to own his Belief, whatever it was, the _Semi-Arians_ convened a Council, soon after the Death of _Constantius_, who, in the Latter-end of his Life, had begun to persecute them as much as he had favoured them before. This Council was composed of those chiefly who had assisted at that of _Seleucia_, of which I have spoken above; and they all agreed to condemn and anathematize the Doctrine of the _Pure Arians_, with the Confession of _Rimini_, and to sign anew the Confession of _Antioch_, establishing a Likeness in Substance between the Son and the Father. Thus they pretended to keep a due Mean between the Two opposite Extremes, of the Western Bishops, whose _Consubstantiality_, they said, left no room for the Distinction of Persons; and of the _Pure Arians_, who denied all Likeness[957]. [Sidenote: _The Sect of the_ Macedonians.] It was after this Council that the _Semi-Arians_, separating themselves from the Communion of the _Pure Arians_, began to form a distinct Sect, and to be called _Macedonians_; which Name was given them from _Macedonius_, late Bishop of _Constantinople_, but deposed by the _Pure Arians_, in the Council they held in that City in 360. to make room for their great Champion _Eudoxius_, translated formerly from _Germanicia_ to _Antioch_, and now from _Antioch_ to _Constantinople_. They were also named _Marathonians_, from _Marathonius_, Bishop of _Nicomedia_, who, together with _Macedonius_, was at the Head of the Party; and _Pneumatomachi_, that is, Enemies to the Holy Ghost, whose Divinity they denied, which was their chief, if not their only Error; for some are of Opinion, that tho’ they rejected the Word _Consubstantial_, yet they agreed with the Orthodox in the Meaning of it. They led very regular, austere, and edifying Lives; and are, on that Score, highly commended and extolled by _Gregory Nazianzen_[958]. No Wonder therefore, that they soon spread all over the East, and gained every-where great Numbers of Followers.