From this whole Account it is manifest, as the Reader must have observed, that the Orientals paid no manner of Regard either to the Judgment of the Bishop of _Rome_, or to that of the whole Body of the Western Bishops, assembled in Council under him. For though they well knew the Bishop of _Rome_, and his Collegues in the West, to be warmly engaged in favour of _Paulinus_, yet they refused to acknowlege him, even after the Death of _Meletius_; and therefore raised _Flavianus_ to the See of _Antioch_, in the room of _Meletius_, and confirmed that Election in an Oecumenical Council. The Western Bishops exclaimed against it, desiring it might be referred to the Decision of a General Council. But not even to that Demand would the Orientals agree, thinking, as they declared in their Answer, that there was no Occasion for a Council, since _Flavianus_ had been chosen and ordained by the Bishops of the Diocese, which was all the Canons of _Nice_ required. They therefore exhorted them to divest themselves of all Prejudices, to sacrifice all private Affections to the Peace and Unity of the Church, and to put an End to the present, and prevent all future, Disputes, by approving, with their joint Suffrages, an Election which had been approved and confirmed by an Oecumenical Council[1187]. [Sidenote: _The Custom of appointing Vicars introduced by_ Damasus, _and on what Occasion_.] To return to _Damasus_: He was the first who introduced the Custom, which his Successors took care to improve, of conferring on certain Bishops the Title of their Vicars, pretending thereby to impart to them an extraordinary Power, enabling them to perform several Things, which they could not perform in virtue of their own. _Acholius_ Bishop of _Thessalonica_ was the first who enjoyed this Title, being, by _Damasus_, appointed his Vicar in _East Illyricum_, on the following Occasion: _Illyricum_, comprising all antient _Greece_, and many Provinces on the _Danube_, whereof _Sirmium_ was the Capital, had, ever since the Time of _Constantine_, belonged to the Western Empire. But, in the Year 379. _Dacia_ and _Greece_ were, by _Gratian_, disjoined from the more Westerly Provinces, and added, in favour of _Theodosius_, to the Eastern Empire, being known by the Name of _East Illyricum_, whereof _Thessalonica_, the Metropolis of _Macedon_, was the chief City. The Bishops of _Rome_, as presiding in the Metropolis of the Empire, had begun to claim a kind of Jurisdiction, or rather Inspection in Ecclesiastical Matters, over all the Provinces of the Western Empire; which was the first great Step by which they ascended to the Supremacy they afterwards claimed and established. This _Damasus_ was unwilling to resign with respect to _Illyricum_, even after that Country was dismembered from the Western, and added to the Eastern Empire. In order therefore to maintain his Claim, he appointed _Acholius_ Bishop of _Thessalonica_ to act in his stead, vesting in him the Power which he