The history of the Twentieth (Light) DivisionInglefield, Valentine Erskine
History
The history of the Twentieth (Light) Division
Inglefield, Valentine Erskine
Great Britain. Army. Division, 20th (Light); World War, 1914-1918 -- Regimental histories -- Great Britain
On the 23rd of February 1918 Divisional Headquarters was opened at
Ercheu in the area of the Fifth Army. The 60th Brigade was billeted in
the Ham area; the 59th near Beaulieu, three miles south of Ercheu; the
61st near Freniches, three miles south-east of Ercheu; the 91st Field
Artillery Brigade at Esmery-Hallon; the 92nd Field Artillery Brigade at
Rouy-le-Grand, two and a half miles north-east of Nesle. The Division
was in G.H.Q. reserve but was to be placed at the disposal of the
XVIIIth Corps, commanded by Lieut.-Gen. Sir F. I. Maxse, in the event
of a German attack on the Corps front. During the rest of February
and the first three weeks of March all units worked from time to time
on the defences behind the battle zone and reconnoitred the positions
which they would have to occupy in accordance with various schemes
which had been prepared to meet a German offensive. All these schemes
entailed considerable work for the 20th Divisional Signal Company. The
Divisional Artillery, under Brig.-General Christie, took full advantage
of the unique experience of being out of the line for a whole month to
train batteries in open warfare, the ground lending itself admirably to
this kind of work.
At the end of February the four machine gun companies of the Division
were formed into the 20th Battalion, Machine Gun Corps, under
Lieut.-Colonel H. L. Riley, D.S.O. The 59th, 60th, 61st and 217th
Companies became “A,” “B,” “C,” and “D” Companies of the battalion
respectively. In the middle of March Brig.-General Banbury, commanding
the 61st Infantry Brigade, went home for six months’ rest. He was
succeeded by Brig.-General J. K. Cochrane, C.M.G.
It soon became clear that the expected German offensive would not be
long delayed. On arrival in this area troops had been ordered to be
ready to move at twenty-four hours’ notice; this was reduced to twelve
hours on the 10th of March, and on the 20th to one hour. Just after 5
A.M. on the 21st, XVIIIth Corps issued the order “Man Battle
Stations.”
The Fifth Army, under General Sir Hubert Gough, consisting of the
IIIrd, XVIIIth, XIXth and VIIth Corps, held an extended front of
some forty-two miles from the Oise to Gouzeaucourt, where the Third
Army, under General the Hon. Sir Julian Byng, continued the line to
the Scarpe. The XVIIIth Corps held a line facing St Quentin from
Urvillers to Gricourt, with the 36th Division on the right, the 30th
opposite St Quentin, and the 61st on the left. On the right of the
36th Division was the 14th Division of the IIIrd Corps. On the left of
the 61st Division was the XIXth Corps. The 20th Division, if called
upon to support this line, was to move forward ready to man the rear
zone defences between the Somme and the Omignon river from St Simon to
Trefcon, sending a brigade of artillery to each of the 36th and 30th
Divisions.
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