How few people in this country ever thought of our great internal
seas of fresh water, Superior, Huron, Michigan, and Ontario, being on
the highest lands between the ocean and the Rocky Mountains, yet such
is the case. From these great fountains flow the waters that plunge
down Niagara Falls, while a larger portion, it is thought, has a
subterranean outlet through Lake Ontario, and uniting with the Niagara
current to form the St. Lawrence.
Whence come these waters into those great lakes? They have no important
rivers flowing in, and their waters are frequently highest in August
and September when the country is commonly suffering by drouth. If the
supply were rain water, this whole surface would freeze, but spring
water is exempt until well exposed to the air for some time. The lands
about Lake Superior rise quite abruptly, and as you ascend the hills,
and riding from Ashland to Duluth, will see hundreds of small lakes,
and from Two Harbors north as you ascend for fifty miles you see the
same state of things till you come to the divide within less than 100
miles, when the waters go west into the Mississippi valley and north
to Hudson Bay, and east and south to the Atlantic. Are these lakes
supplied with rain and snows? If so, where does the water collect, and
how does it get into this elevation? A subterranean river is supposed
to run between Superior and Ontario, on account of similar fish being
caught in each lake at particular seasons, but absent in Ontario at
other times.
The lakes named are only mentioned for their importance; we will now
call attention to lakes universally. Whoever reads this subject will be
obliged to come to only one conclusion as to the general locality of
lakes. Take our Adirondack region, with its thousands of pure, clear
lakes hidden away among the rugged hills. The White mountain country
where lakes abound. Chautauqua on its elevated ground, Mt. Desert in
the ocean with its Eagle lake and others 1,200 feet above the sea.
Lakes and living ponds, full of lilies, on Block Island. All through
the mountains and wilds of Maine, and so on in every state the same
condition exists, till you get to the level and prairie states where
upheavals are rare for producing lakes and springs.
If a reader will peruse in “Picturesque America” the descriptive scenes
on the French Broad River and the wonders through Delaware Water Gap,
it is very doubtful if the various displays of waterfalls and profusion
of springs and lakes will impress him with the idea that they are to
be attributed to special rainfall in that locality. One particular
evidence ought to be enough to dispel any such conclusion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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