[202] Conring, _De Finibus Imperii_. It is hardly necessary to observe that the connection of Hungary with the Hapsburgs is of comparatively recent origin, and of a purely dynastic nature. The position of the archdukes of Austria as kings of Hungary had nothing to do legally with the fact that many of them were also chosen Emperors, although practically their possession of the imperial crown had greatly aided them in grasping and retaining the thrones of Hungary and Bohemia. [203] Cf. Pfeffel, _Abrégé Chronologique_. [204] Letter of Frederick I to Otto of Freising, prefixed to the latter's History. This king is also called Sweyn. [205] See Appendix, Note B. [206] Albertus Stadensis apud Conringium, _De Finibus Imperii_. [207] There is an allusion to this in the poems of the Cid. Arthur Duck, _De Usu et Authoritate Iuris Civilis_, quotes the view of some among the older jurists, that Spain having been, as far as the Romans were concerned, a _res derelicta_, recovered by the Spaniards themselves from the Moors, and thus acquired by _occupatio_, ought not to be subject to the Emperors. [208] One of the greatest of English kings appears performing an act of courtesy to the Emperor which was probably construed into an acknowledgment of his own inferior position. Describing the Roman coronation of the Emperor Conrad II, Wippo (c. 16) tells us 'His ita peractis in duorum regum præsentia Ruodolfi regis Burgundiæ et Chnutonis regis Anglorum divino officio finito imperator duorum regum medius ad cubiculum suum honorifice ductus est.' [209] Letter in Otto Fris. i.: 'Nobis submittuntur Francia et Hispania, Anglia et Dania.' [210] Letter in Radewic says, 'Regnum nostrum vobis exponimus.... Vobis imperandi cedat auctoritas, nobis non deerit voluntas obsequendi.' [211] The alleged instances of homage by the Scots to the Saxon and early Norman kings are almost all complicated in some such way. They had once held also the earldom of Huntingdon from the English crown, and some have supposed (but on no sufficient grounds) that homage was also done by them for Lothian. [212] Selden, _Titles of Honour_, part i. chap. ii. [213] Edward refused upon the ground that he was '_rex inunctus_.' [214] Sigismund had shortly before given great offence in France by dubbing knights. [215] Sigismund answered, 'Nihil se contra superioritatem regis prætexere.' [216] Selden, _Titles of Honour_, part i. chap. ii. Nevertheless, notaries in Scotland, as elsewhere, continued for a long time to style themselves 'Ego M. auctoritate imperiali (or papali) notarius.'