The gymnastic and equestrian competitions continued from the second to
the fourth day; probably the boys contended on the second, the men on
the third and fourth days. We know little about the order of events;
still, it is probable that on the third day the racing took place first,
and in this order--long, single, and double course, then wrestling,
boxing, and pancration; on the fourth day the equestrian contests, the
pentathlon, and, last of all, the race in full panoply. There would then
be several changes of locality, since the equestrian contests took place
in the Hippodrome; the races, pentathlon, and other gymnastic sports in
the Stadion. There was, of course, a gymnasium at Olympia, but this
could not contain the multitude of spectators as well as the Stadion,
and, therefore, the wrestling school and gymnasium at Olympia were used
exclusively for the previous training of the competitors who came there
for the contests. On the last day the prizes were distributed. The
prize, as is well known, was the simplest possible--a mere wreath of
olive, which a boy, both whose parents must be alive, according to the
old tradition, cut with a golden knife from a wild olive tree in the
Grove of Altis. Another outward token of victory was the palm branch
granted to the victor, and, in consequence, the palm as a token of
victory often appears in the statues of the Olympic conquerors. In olden
times the wreaths to be distributed were placed on a brazen tripod; but
Kolotes, a pupil of Pheidias, constructed a magnificent table of gold
and ivory for the purpose, which was usually kept in the temple of Hera.
It was the duty of one of the judges to crown the head of the victor
with the wreath after it had been previously surrounded by a woollen
fillet. During this solemn act the herald announced the name of the
victor, as well as of his father and his native city. The importance
attributed by the ancients to the victory in the Olympic games was such
that this proud moment, when the victor received his reward amid the
applause of the whole people, and, as it were, before the eyes of all
Greece, was a sufficient compensation for all the troubles and
difficulties involved in the preparation for the contest. Still, there
were many other honours which fell to his lot, both in Olympia and at
home in his own country.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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