The Honey-Bee: Its Natural History, Physiology and ManagementBevan, Edward
History
The Honey-Bee: Its Natural History, Physiology and Management
Bevan, Edward
Bee culture; Bees
The +Eye-Sight+ of bees, notwithstanding the wonderful mechanism of their
eyes, seems less perfect than their other senses: on some occasions it
scarcely serves them to distinguish the entrance of their hives, when
they come home loaded with provision. +Wildman+ says that he has observed
them go up and down, seeking the door of the hive, and be obliged after
alighting to rise again in order to find it: he conceived that they see
better when flying than when on foot. I believe, however, that this
opinion of +Wildman+ will not, upon examination, be found quite correct.
The mere act of flying does not enable them to see objects better; but
when on the wing, they are at a greater distance from those objects, the
eyes of these insects being so constructed as to enable them to see best
at a moderate distance. As +Dr. Evans+ has justly remarked, therefore,
"the poet's disdainful allusion to a
Fly whose feeble ray scarce spreads
An inch around----
should here be exactly reversed." +Dr. Derham+ in his Physico-theology
has observed, when speaking of the eye of the bee and other insects,
that "the cornea and optic nerves, being always at one and the same
distance, are fitted only to see distantial objects, but not such as
are very nigh." This visual orb, this seemingly simple speck, though
really complicated piece of mechanism, says +Derham+, "will be found upon
examination to form a curious lattice-work of several thousand hexagonal
lenses, each having a separate optic nerve ministering to it, and
therefore to be considered as a distinct eye[T]. +M. Leewenhoeck+, having
properly prepared and placed an eye of this kind betwixt his microscope
and a church steeple (299 feet high and 750 distant), saw plainly the
steeple inverted, through every different lens, though each lens was
not larger than a needle's point. Yet, doubtless the insect perceives
but a single object, and that in an upright position. The hemispheric
arrangement of these lenses enables the bee to see accurately in every
direction, and without any interval of time or trouble."
[Footnote T: The multitude of hexagonal lenses which compose the eye of
a bee, make it appear, when viewed through a microscope, exactly like
honey-comb.]
"Not huge Behemoth, not the Whale's vast form.
That spouts a torrent, and that breathes a storm.
Transcends in organs apt this puny fly,
Her fine-strung feelers, and her glanceful eye,
Set with ten thousand lenses."
+Evans.+
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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