While the larger periods of time are kept with accuracy, so that the
time of beginning the ceremonies varies but little from year to year,
the Hopi have poor memories for dates. No one knows his age, and many
of these villages seem to live within the shifting horizons of
yesterday and tomorrow. The priests, however, keep a record of the
ceremonies by adding to their _tiponi_, or palladium of their society,
a feather for each celebration. At Zuñi a record of the death of
priests of the war society is kept by making scratches on the face of
a large rock near a shrine, and by this method a Hopi woman keeps
count of the days from the child's birth to the natal ceremony. Ask a
Hopi when some event happened, and he will say, "_Pai he sat o_,"
meaning "some time ago, when my father was a boy"; stress on the word
means a longer time, and if the event was long beyond the memory of
man, the Indian will almost shake his head off with emphasis.
The only notched time-stick is that jealously guarded by the sun
priest, and no one knows just how he makes his calculations from it.
As for dinner time, the great sun and "the clock inside" attend to
that; _dawa yamu_, _dawa nashab_, and _dawa poki_ stand for "sunrise,"
"noonday," and "sunset." If the Hopi makes an appointment for a
special hour, he points to where the sun will be at that time. The
seasons are known to him in a general way as the time of the cold or
snow, the coming back of the sun (winter solstice), the time of bean
or corn planting, the time of green corn, the time of harvest, etc.,
but there is a calendar marked by the ceremonies held during each
month.
Perhaps these children of the sun are happier in not being slaves of
the second as we have become. Our watches, which they call _dawa_,
"the sun," have not bound them to the wheel by whose turning we seem
to advance. They are satisfied with the grander procession of the
heavenly bodies, and their days fade into happy forgetfulness.
An experience of several years ago may here be related in order to
show how the clan name of a Hopi is a veritable part of himself and
also links him to his clan and the most intimate religious and secular
life of the pueblo.
There was a jolly crowd of Hopi under the dense shade of a cottonwood
on the Little Colorado River one hot day in July. The mound of earth,
strewn with chips of flint and potsherds like a buried city on the
Euphrates, had yielded its secrets, and the house walls of the ancient
town of Homolobi resembled a huge honeycomb on the bluff.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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