The chief feature attracting popular interest to the Hopi is the
number and remarkable character of their ceremonies. These "dances,"
as they are usually called, seem to be going on with little
intermission. Every Hopi is touched by some one of the numerous
ceremonies and nearly every able-bodied inhabitant of the seven towns
takes an active part during the year.
This keeps the Hopi out of mischief and gives them a good reputation
for minding their own business, besides furnishing them with the best
round of free theatrical entertainments enjoyed by any people in the
world, for nearly every ceremony has its diverting as well as its
serious side, for religion and the drama are here united as in
primitive times. The Hopi live and move and have their being in
religion. They have peopled the unseen world with a host of beings,
and they view all nature as full of life. The sun, moon, stars, rocks,
winds, rain, and rivers are members of the Hopi pantheon to be
reckoned with in their complicated worship.
Every moon brings its ceremony, and the cycle of the different
"dances" is completed in perhaps four years; a few dances indeed may
have even longer intervals, but these dances do not seem to fall in
the calendar and are held whenever decided upon by the proper chief.
Some of the dances alternate also, the Snake Dance, for instance,
being held one year and the Flute Dance the following year. For half
the year, from August to January, the actors in the ceremonies wear
masks, while for the remainder of the year the dancers appear
unmasked; and as every ceremony has its particular costumes, ritual,
and songs, there is great variety for the looker-on in Tusayan. So
many are the ceremonies, which differ more or less in the different
villages, and so overwhelming is the immemorial detail of their
performance, that one might well despair of recording them, much less
of finding out a tithe of their meaning.
There is grouped around these dances the lore of clans in the bygone
centuries, innumerable songs and prayers and rites gathered up here
and there in the weary march, strewn with shells of old towns of the
forgotten days. No fear that this inexhaustible mine will be delved
out by investigators before it disappears utterly; the wonder is that
it has survived so long into this prosaic age of anti-fable. We have
here the most complete Freemasonry in the world, which, if preserved,
would form an important chapter in the history of human cults, and in
the opinion of enlightened men, it should have a record before the
march of civilization treads it in the dust.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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