The most definite protest against the newer relationship came from a woman active in many public movements, who was a stickler for the orthodox method of procuring a visiting nurse only through the doctor. To illustrate the importance of freedom for the patients, I cited the case of the L⸺ family. A neighbor had called for aid. “Some kind of an awful catching sickness on the same floor I live on, to the right, front,” she whispered. A worn and haggard woman was lifting a heavy boiler filled with “wash” from the stove when I entered; on the floor in the other room three little children lay ill with typhoid fever, one of them with meningitis. The feather pillows, most precious possession, had been pawned to pay the doctor. The father dared not leave the shop, for money was needed, and all that he earned was far from enough. The mother, when questioned as to the delay in sending for nursing help, said that the doctor had frightened her from doing so by telling her that, if a nurse came, the children would surely be sent to the hospital. No disinfectant was found in the house, and the mother declared that no instructions had been given her. The nurse who took possession of the sickroom refrained from mentioning the hospital; but when the mother saw the skilled ministration, and the tired father, on his return from work, watched the deft feeding of the unconscious child, they awoke to their limitations. The poor, unskilled woman, bent with fatigue, then exclaimed, “O God, is that what I should have been doing for my babies?” When the nurse was about to leave them for the night the parents clung to her and asked her if a hospital would do as much as she had done. “More, much more, I hope,” she said. “I cannot give here what the little ones need.” Late at night three carriages started for the children’s ward of the hospital; the father, the mother, the nurse, each with a patient across the seat of the carriage. Said the critic when I had finished my story: “I think the nurse should have asked permission of their doctor before she granted the request of the parents.” All the social agencies combined have not been able to dislodge permanently the quack who preys upon ignorance and superstition. One day a teacher in a nearby school asked us to visit a pupil who was highly excited and uncontrollable. The mother, when questioned, confessed that she had employed the “witch doctor” to exorcise the devil, who, he said, had taken possession of the girl. In our efforts to free the girl from this man’s control I invoked the aid of the parish priest, suggesting that his powers were being usurped. The County Medical Society finally secured conviction of the “doctor” on the charge of practicing without a license.