Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Janet Blenkinship and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Illustration: RECREATION IS AS COMMON AMONG ANIMALS AS IT IS AMONG CHILDREN.] THE HUMAN SIDE OF ANIMALS BY ROYAL DIXON AUTHOR OF "THE HUMAN SIDE OF PLANTS," "THE HUMAN SIDE OF TREES," "THE HUMAN SIDE OF BIRDS," ETC. _WITH TWO ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLORS AND THIRTY-TWO IN BLACK-AND-WHITE_ NEW YORK FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY PUBLISHERS _Copyright, 1918, by_ FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY _All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages_ MADE IN U. S. A. TO MARCELLUS E. FOSTER WHO BELIEVED NOTE The author wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to his fellow-naturalist and friend, Mr. Franklyn Everett Fitch, for carefully reading the entire manuscript and making many scholarly and valuable criticisms and corrections. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE FOREWORD xiii I ANIMALS THAT PRACTISE CAMOUFLAGE 1 II ANIMAL MUSICIANS 18 III ANIMALS AT PLAY 32 IV ARMOUR-BEARING AND MAIL-CLAD ANIMALS 46 V MINERS AND EXCAVATORS 61 VI ANIMAL MATHEMATICIANS 88 VII THE LANGUAGE OF ANIMALS 99 VIII IN THEIR BOUDOIRS, HOSPITALS AND CHURCHES 120 IX SELF-DEFENCE AND HOME-GOVERNMENT 130 X ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS, AND HOUSE-BUILDERS 150 XI FOOD CONSERVERS 170 XII TOURISTS AND SIGHT-SEERS 181 XIII ANIMAL SCAVENGERS AND CRIMINALS 199 XIV AS THE ALLIES OF MAN 210 XV THE FUTURE LIFE OF ANIMALS 234 ILLUSTRATIONS Recreation is as common among animals as it is among children (_in Colours_) _Frontispiece_ The Indians claim that the mother bison forced her calf to roll often in a puddle of red clay, so that it might be indistinguishable against its clay background 6 The zebra is one of the cleverest of camouflagers. The black-and-white stripes of his body give the effect of sunlight passing through bushes 7 Monkeys are the most musical of all animals. When they congregate for "concerts," as some of the tribes do, the air is filled with weird strains of monkey-music 20