[670] Letter dated July 16, 1913, to W. Beech, _Proceedings, 8th Convention, I. W. W._, p. 24, col. 1. [671] _Solidarity_, Oct. 3, 1914, p. 4, col. 4. [672] _Preamble and Constitution of the I. W. W._, 1916, art. vii, sec. 5. [673] _Ibid._, art. iii, pp. 11-12. [674] _Cf._ Appendix iv. [675] _Proceedings, Eighth I. W. W. Convention_, p. 30. [676] Adapted from data in _Proceedings, Eighth I. W. W. Convention_, p. 30. [677] _Cf._ appendix iv, table A. For the status of the I. W. W. in California in 1914, see the writer's report to the U. S. Commission on Industrial Relations on "The I. W. W. in California." [678] "The Truth about the I. W. W.," _Journal of Political Economy_, Nov., 1913, vol. xxi, p. 786. [679] "The Development of Hoxie's Economics," _Journal of Political Economy_, vol. xxiv, p. 875, note (Nov., 1916). [680] "The Development of Syndicalism in America," _Political Science Quarterly_, Sept., 1913, vol. xxviii, p. 478. [681] Proceedings of the 26th meeting, _American Economic Review_, vol. iv, no. 1, supplement, pp. 140-141 (March, 1914). [682] Letter to the author, Feb. 1, 1915. [683] _Proceedings, Eighth I. W. W. Convention_, p. 5, col. 2, p. 6, col. 1. In this branch of the I. W. W. in New York City there were in 1917 about 5000 members (mostly Spaniards) of whom not less than half were in good standing. [684] _Industrial Relations (Hearings)_, vol. ii, p. 1462. [685] Speech at the I. W. W. Hall in 81st Street, New York City, January 31, 1915. [686] _Solidarity_, Dec. 2, 1916, p. 1. General Secretary Haywood reported to the convention that the A. W. O. had enrolled at that time 18,000 members. _Proceedings_, p. 36. [687] The New York _World_, Aug. 13, 1916, p. 11, col. 1 (dated Sioux City, Ia., Aug. 12). [688] R. W. Babson, _Reports on Labor_, "The I. W. W.'s latest move," _Confidential Bulletin of the Co-operation Service_, no. L-59, Aug., 1916. [689] Dec. 9, 1916, p. 1, col. 3. Dispatch signed "R. E. P." [690] _Ibid._ [691] Issues of December 2, 9, and 16, 1916. The _Proceedings_ were published in full in 1917. [692] _Solidarity_, Dec. 2, 1916, p. 1, col. 1. [693] _Solidarity_, Dec. 2, 1916, p. 1. [694] St. John, _The I. W. W., History, Structure and Methods_ (1917 edition), p. 23. [695] _Ibid._, p. 24. Charters were issued to 116 locals (in 27 States and 2 Canadian provinces) during the two years ending Sept. 1, 1916. These included 8 recruiting unions and 9 Propaganda Leagues. (_Vide_ Report of General Secretary, _Proceedings, Tenth Convention_ [1916], pp. 33-36, where there is a list of these new locals.) [696] St. John, _op. cit._, p. 23. [697] In the summer of 1918 it was reported in a press dispatch from Johannesburg that a branch of the I. W. W. had been established among the natives at Durban (_New York Times_, July 19, 1918, p. 15, col. 5). [698] _Direct Action_ (Sydney), reprinted in _Solidarity_, Mar. 17, 1917, p. 4. [699] March, 1917, p. 11, col. 1, "The Raised Fist of Labor."