[1] Since this went to press the trial has come to an end. On August 17 the case went to the jury which, after being out fifty-five minutes, returned a verdict of "guilty, as charged in the indictment." On August 30 Judge K. M. Landis imposed sentence. W. D. Haywood and fourteen others were sentenced to twenty years' imprisonment and $20,000 fine each. Thirty-three others were given six years and fined $5,000 each on the first count; ten years and $5,000 each on the second count; two years and $10,000 each on the third count; and ten years and $10,000 each on the fourth count. Thirty-three others were given five years and fines of $5,000 apiece on each of counts 1 and 2 and $10,000 each on counts 3 and 4. Twelve more were sentenced to one year and one day, with fines of $5,000 each on the first and second counts and $10,000 each on the third and fourth counts. Two of the defendants were given ten-day sentences. All sentences run concurrently. The fines imposed aggregate $2,570,000 and costs. It is announced that the case will be appealed. (U. S. District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Div., _Criminal Clerk's Minute Book 12_, pp. 61-62.) [2] Report of the Commission, _Sixth Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor_, p. 20. CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION 5 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION 7 PART I BEGINNINGS CHAPTER I FORERUNNERS OF THE "WOBBLIES" Early revolutionary bodies 27 English prototypes 29 Early radical unions in the United States 29 The National Labor Union 30 The Knights of Labor 30 The Internationals 35 The Sovereigns of Industry 37 The United Brewery Workmen 38 The United Mine Workers of America 38 Haymarket 39 The American Railway Union 40 The Western Federation of Miners 40 W. F. M. strikes 40 The Western Labor Union 43 The American Labor Union 44 The Socialist Labor Party and the Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance 46 The French _Confédération Générale du Travail_ 53 CHAPTER II THE BIRTH OF THE I. W. W.