The Idea of a University Defined and Illustrated: In Nine Discourses Delivered to the Catholics of DublinNewman, John Henry
Religion
The Idea of a University Defined and Illustrated: In Nine Discourses Delivered to the Catholics of Dublin
Newman, John Henry
Education, Higher; Universities and colleges
This indeed, if well founded, would be a most serious objection to what I
have advanced in this Volume, and would demand my immediate attention, had
I any reason to think that I could not remove it at once, by a simple
explanation of what I consider the true _mode_ of educating, were this the
place to do so. But these Discourses are directed simply to the
consideration of the _aims_ and _principles_ of Education. Suffice it,
then, to say here, that I hold very strongly that the first step in
intellectual training is to impress upon a boy’s mind the idea of science,
method, order, principle, and system; of rule and exception, of richness
and harmony. This is commonly and excellently done by making him begin
with Grammar; nor can too great accuracy, or minuteness and subtlety of
teaching be used towards him, as his faculties expand, with this simple
purpose. Hence it is that critical scholarship is so important a
discipline for him when he is leaving school for the University. A second
science is the Mathematics: this should follow Grammar, still with the
same object, viz., to give him a conception of development and arrangement
from and around a common centre. Hence it is that Chronology and Geography
are so necessary for him, when he reads History, which is otherwise little
better than a story-book. Hence, too, Metrical Composition, when he reads
Poetry; in order to stimulate his powers into action in every practicable
way, and to prevent a merely passive reception of images and ideas which
in that case are likely to pass out of the mind as soon as they have
entered it. Let him once gain this habit of method, of starting from fixed
points, of making his ground good as he goes, of distinguishing what he
knows from what he does not know, and I conceive he will be gradually
initiated into the largest and truest philosophical views, and will feel
nothing but impatience and disgust at the random theories and imposing
sophistries and dashing paradoxes, which carry away half-formed and
superficial intellects.
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