[Illustration: THE INDIANS OF CARLSBAD CAVERNS NATIONAL PARK TIME RANGE] Early Man 25,000-15,000 B.P.? — 2,000 B.C.? Carlsbad Basketmakers 2000 B.C.? — 1750 A.D.? Pueblo Culture Influence 1000 B.C.? — Mescalero Apache 1300 A.D.? — Comanche 1700 A.D.? — Kiowa 1800 A.D.? — BIBLIOGRAPHY Bailey, Vernon—_Animal Life of the Carlsbad Cavern_, 1928. Bourke, John G.—_Medicine Men of the Apache_, B.A.E. #9, 1887-88. Colton, Harold S. and Hargrave, L. L.—_Handbook of Northern Arizona Pottery Types_, MNA, 1937. Cosgrove, C. B.—_Caves of the Upper Gila and Hueco Areas in New Mexico and Texas_, Papers of the Peabody Museum, 1947. Dodge, Natt N.—_Flowers of the Southwest Deserts_, SMA, 1952. Ferdon, Edwin N., Jr.—_An Excavation of Hermit’s Cave, New Mexico_, 1946. Fewkes, J. W.—_Casa Grande Arizona, Antiquities of the Upper Verde River and Walnut Creek, Arizona_, B.A.E. #28, 1906-07. Gale, Bennett T.—_Historical Sketch Carlsbad Caverns National Park_, manuscript, 1952. _Carlsbad Caverns—An Interpretation of Their Origin and Development_, manuscript. Gifford, E. W.—_Culture Element Distributions: XII Apache-Pueblo_, Anthropological Records, Vol. 4, No. 1, 1940. Hawley, Florence M.—_Field Manual of Prehistoric Southwestern Pottery Types_, U. of N. M., 1936. Henshaw, Henry W.—_Animal Carvings from the Mounds of the Mississippi Valley_, B.A.E. #2, 1880-81. Howard, E. B.—_Caves Along the Slopes of the Guadalupe Mountains_, Bul. Texas Arch. and Pal. Soc., Vol. 4, 1932. Jennings, J. D.—_A Variation of Southwestern Pueblo Culture_, Lab. of Anth., Tech. Series, Bul. #10, 1940. Lehmer, Donald J.—_The Jornada Branch of the Mogollon_, U. of Ariz. SS Bul. #17, 1948. Mallery, Garrick—_Picture Writing of the American Indians_, B.A.E. #10, 1888-89. McGee, W. J.—_The Seri Indians_, B.A.E. #17, Part 2, 1895-96. Mera, H. P.—_An Outline of Ceramic Developments in Southern and Southeastern New Mexico_, Lab. of Anth., Tech. Series, Bul. #11. _Reconnaissance and Excavation in Southeastern New Mexico_, AAA Memoir #51, 1938. Mooney, James—_Myths of the Cherokee_, B.A.E. #19, 1897-98. _The Ghost Dance Religion_, B.A.E. #14, 1892-93. _Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians_, B.A.E. #17, 1895-96. Neumann, George—_Analysis of the Skeletal Material_, Lab. of Anth., Tech. Series, Bul. #10, 1940. Opler, Morris Edward—_An Apache Life-Way_, 1941. Pearce, Dr. J. E.—_Kitchen Middens_, Bul. Texas Arch. and Pal. Soc., Vol. 4, 1932—See also Victor J. Smith. Reed, Erik—_Historical Narrative and Archaeological Values_, Interpretive Section, Master Plan, Carlsbad Caverns National Park.