The Industrial Arts in SpainRiaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
History
The Industrial Arts in Spain
Riaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History; Pottery -- Spain -- History
We find it also stated in the communications which passed between the
Tribunal of Commerce and the count in 1746, that "the perfection of the
earthenware of Alcora consisted in the excellent models which had been
made by competent foreign artists, the quality of the earth and receipts
brought at great expense from abroad." Joseph Ochando is mentioned in
that year as an excellent painter, and Juan Lopez as the best carver and
modeller. This document tells us "that from the earliest period of the
manufacture pyramids with figures of children, holding garlands of
flowers and baskets of fruits on their heads, were made with great
perfection, likewise brackets, centre and three-cornered tables, large
objects, some as large as five feet high, to be placed upon them,
chandeliers, cornucopias, statues of different kinds, and animals of
different sorts and sizes. The entire ornamentation of a room has also
been made here; the work is so perfect that nothing in Spain, France,
Italy or Holland could equal it in merit."
The objects which were made to a great extent at this time consisted in:
Vases of different shapes.
Small pots, Chinese fashion.
Teapots and covers, Chinese fashion.
Teapots and covers, Dutch fashion.
Cruets, complete sets, Chinese style.
Entrée dishes.
Salt-cellars, Chinese style.
Escudillas (bowls) of Constantinople.
Barquillos (sauce bowls), Chinese style.
Bottles, in the Chinese manner.
Cups, plates, and saucers of different kinds with good painted
borders in imitation of lace-work (_puntilla_); some were designed
in the Chinese manner, and especial care was taken with
fruit-stands, salad-bowls and dishes.
Trays and refrigerators.
In 1750 Count Aranda passed the pottery works on to a private company,
in whose hands they remained until 1766. We know the pottery continued
to be excellent. Unfortunately almost all the details of this period are
missing from the Archives. One of the few documents remaining is a
contract drawn up in October, 1741, with François Haly (the name of this
artist is given by Baron Davillier), a Frenchman, in which he agreed to
work at the manufactory during a period of ten years with a yearly
salary of over 1000 francs, under the following conditions:
"That the travelling expenses of his wife and children should be given
him, and that his salary should be paid as soon as he made before the
Director and two competent judges the different kinds of porcelain which
he had undertaken to make." He agreed to give up his receipts, and it
was promised him that he should have two modellers and one painter
working by his side, and that if in one year Haly's porcelain was
satisfactory the Count undertook to make him a present of 1000 livres
(_tornoises_).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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