The Industrial Arts in SpainRiaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
History
The Industrial Arts in Spain
Riaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History; Pottery -- Spain -- History
He also promised to make good pipeclay pottery and marbled wares which
were to be as excellent as those of Strasburg. The expenses of his
journey were paid, his sons were to be employed in the works, and it was
stipulated that if the works increased to a great extent, 500 pounds
(Valencian money), was to be added to his yearly salary. It was against
the Count's express desire that pottery of an exclusively artistic
character should be produced at Alcora; his chief object was to improve
the industry itself. In one of his letters to Abadia, written in
October, 1789, he says: "I wish to export the porcelain of my
manufactory, but chiefly in common objects, such as cups of different
kinds, tea and coffee services, etc. These may be varied in form and
colour, the principal point being that the paste should bear hot
liquids, for we Spaniards above everything wish that nothing we buy
should ever break. By no means let time be wasted in making anything
that requires much loss of time. The chief object is that the pastes
should be of first-rate excellence and durability."
Cloostermans suffered much discomfort and annoyance from other workmen
at Alcora, who were envious of his merit: they put every difficulty in
his path, insulted him daily with pasquins, accused him of not
fulfilling his religious duties, and annoyed him incessantly. His
letters are full of these complaints. Count Aranda treated him with
every consideration. During Cloostermans' stay at Alcora, the pottery
made improved greatly in artistic merit. Figures and groups of many
kinds were attempted, and even Wedgwood jasper ware was creditably
imitated. In 1789, among other pottery that was sent to Madrid were "two
hard paste porcelain cups, adorned with low relief in the English
style." The most important one was moulded by Francisco Garcés, the
garlands and low reliefs by Joaquin Ferrer, sculptor, the flowers on the
covers by an apprentice, helped by Cloostermans. The composition of
these objects was suggested by Abadia, who brought some specimens from
Paris which came from England.
Cloostermans sent the Count in 1789 a number of objects of different
kinds made of porcelain. Among them the most interesting were "a tea and
coffee service painted and gilt of glazed porcelain, and ten unglazed
figures. Those painted by Albaro are marked A, those by Escuder, E, and
by Mas, M, and Cloostermans' son." A large and varied collection of
marbled wares and toys were sent at the same time. Cloostermans' marbled
wares are pronounced superb.
Count Aranda writes in July, 1790, to Diez Robles alluding to a large
collection of pots for plants, which were made at Alcora for the King,
decorated with the royal arms. Another series are still to be met with
at the Royal Gardens; they are of pipeclay, and ornamented with rams'
heads.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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