The Industrial Arts in SpainRiaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
History
The Industrial Arts in Spain
Riaño, Juan F. (Juan Facundo)
Decorative arts -- Spain -- History; Pottery -- Spain -- History
About forty sets of splendid vestments exist at this cathedral which are
embroidered with the most exquisite taste, belonging to the 15th and
16th centuries. Each set generally includes a chasuble, dalmatic, cope,
altar frontal, covers for the gospel stands, and other smaller pieces.
The embroideries on the orphreys, which are formed of figures of saints,
are as perfect as the miniatures on illuminated MS. The _manga_, or case
which hangs round the processional cross given by Cardinal Ximenez, is
one of the most splendid specimens of this collection. As a fine
specimen of embroidery on a large scale must be mentioned the _dosel_ or
canopy called the tent of Ferdinand and Isabel, also at the cathedral of
Toledo, which is interesting as being the same which was used in the
reception of the English envoys Thomas Salvaige and Richard Nanfan who
were sent in 1488 to Spain to arrange the marriage of Prince Henry with
the Infanta D^{na.} Catalina. The ambassadors describe it in the
following manner: "After the tilting was over, the kings returned to the
palace, and took the ambassadors with them, and entered a large room:
and there they sat under a rich cloth of state of rich crimson velvet,
richly embroidered with the arms of Castile and Aragon, and covered
with the device of the king, which is a ... (blank in original), and his
motto, written at length, which is 'Tanto Monta.'" ("Memorials of King
Henry the Seventh," Gairdner, Lon. 1858, p. 348.)
The most remarkable specimen of embroidery which exists in Spain, not so
much on account of its artistic merit as for the enormous value of the
materials employed, is the mantle of the Virgin del Sagrario at Toledo.
It is completely covered with pearls and jewels forming a most effective
ornamentation. This embroidery was made in the beginning of the 17th
century, during the lifetime of Cardinal Sandoval, who presented it to
the church. S^{r.} Parro in his exhaustive volume of "Toledo en la
Mano," [vol. i., p. 574,] describes it in the following manner: "It is
made of twelve yards of silver lama, or cloth of silver, which is
entirely covered with gold and precious stones. In the centre there is a
jewel of amethysts and diamonds. Eight other jewels appear on each side
of enamelled gold, emeralds and large rubies; a variety of other jewels
are placed at intervals round the mantle, and at the lower part are the
arms of Cardinal Sandoval enamelled on gold and studded with sapphires
and rubies. The centre of this mantle is covered with flowers and
pomegranates embroidered in seed-pearls of different sizes. Round the
borders are rows of large pearls. Besides the gems which were employed
in this superb work of art, no less than 257 ounces of pearls of
different sizes, 300 ounces of gold thread, 160 ounces of small pieces
of enamelled gold, and eight ounces of emeralds were used."
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