V. The Chinese civilization, arising from a cause similar to that operating in Egypt. An Aryan colony from India brought the light of civilization to China also. Instead however of becoming mixed with black peoples, as on the Nile, the colony became absorbed in Malay and yellow races, and was reinforced, from the north-west, by a fair number of white elements, equally Aryan but no longer Hindu. VI. The ancient civilization of the Italian peninsula, the cradle of Roman culture. This was produced by a mixture of Celts, Iberians, Aryans, and Semites. VII. The Germanic races, which in the fifth century transformed the Western mind. These were Aryans. VIII.–X. The three civilizations of America, the Alleghanian, the Mexican, and the Peruvian. Of the first seven civilizations, which are those of the Old World, six belong, at least in part, to the Aryan race, and the seventh, that of Assyria, owes to this race the Iranian Renaissance, which is, historically, its best title to fame. Almost the whole of the Continent of Europe is inhabited at the present time by groups of which the basis is white, but in which the non-Aryan elements are the most numerous. There is no true civilization, among the European peoples, where the Aryan branch is not predominant. In the above list no negro race is seen as the initiator of a civilization. Only when it is mixed with some other can it even be initiated into one. Similarly, no spontaneous civilization is to be found among the yellow races; and when the Aryan blood is exhausted stagnation supervenes. INDEX Abraham, 123 Abu-Hanifah, 123 Achaemenidae, 176 Adair, 72 Adam, 118–9, 145 Æschylus, 14, 99 Agrippa, 17 Albigenses, 198 Alcæus, 94 Alexander the Great, 44, 175–6, 193 Alexandria, 61 Alexandrians, 38, 176 Algiers, 171 Alleghany race, 71, 172 Altaic languages, 183 Altai Mountains, 128, 141 Amalfi, 61 America, Anglo-Saxons of North, 39, 71, 160 _n._ Anabaptists, 20 Anaxagoras, 14 Ancorso, 143 Andes, 115 Anglo-Saxons, 30, 69 Annam, 164 Anne, Queen, 42 Antilles, 50 Antioch, 60 Antonines, 15 Antoninus Pius, 11 Anubis, 66 Apollo, 108–9 Appius Claudius, 9 Arabs, 21, 58, 122–5, 177–9 Aral, Lake, 128 Aramaic, 194 Aranda, Count of, 52 Ararat, Mount, 142 Araucans, 119 Arbela, 33 Arcadia, 59 Arginusæ, 158 Aristophanes, 14, 157 Aristotle, 166 Arkansas, 71 Armagnacs, 12 Armenians, 58, 193 Arsacidæ, 177 Artibonite, 48 Aryan languages, 183, 188, 199 Aryavarta, 32 Aseddin, 129 Ashik-Pacha-Zadeh, 130 _n._ Aspasia, 14 Assyria, 2, 7, 56, 79 Assyrians, 87, 126 Athene, 94 Athenians, 7; religion, 13, 17; art and politics, 157–8 Athens, 59, 104 Atlas, Mount, 141 Attila, 132 Aurelian, 17 Auvergne, 121 Aymaras, 85 Aztecs, 8, 13, 192 Baber, 129 _n._ Babylon, 10, 194 Bagdad, 178 Baker, 137–8 Balaïbalan, 188 Bambaras, 180 Barrow, 121 _n._