Robbery enthroned in the law, and advancing its demands too far, has to be dealt with by revolutions. Thus it was in England, when the Great Charter was won. Thus it was in the Revolution of 1688. Thus it was in Switzerland, in France, in the American Colonies, in Italy, in Germany, and even in Spain and Portugal--not to mention South America, and Mexico. Adultery, _interwoven in a religious system_, was one of the main-springs of the Revolution in Germany, in England, in Holland and in the States of the libertine Popes, themselves. The enormous popular support given to Calvin, Luther, and Knox, to Henry VIII., to Garibaldi, to Bolivar, and to Juarez, was largely fanned and fed by the intense wrath of the people against the pope-protected immorality of the priests--_the adultery which could not be punished because it was interwoven into the system of popery_. The Popes could not punish the priests, because the Popes were equally criminal. The system required celibacy: the system was against the law of God: _the system gave the priest absolute power over women, and secret access to them_. The system needed the unmarried priest, and the system had to pay the price. _The adultery of the priest_ had to be cloaked and tolerated, for the simple reason that it _was incidental and inseparable_. But who made the system? Not God, nor the Bible, nor the Apostles, nor the early Fathers of the Primitive Church: the system was peculiarly the work of Hildebrand, Pope Gregory VII. It was this Pope who formulated the dogma of universal dominion. It was Gregory who said that, "The world derives its light from two sources, the sun and the moon, the former symbolizing the Papacy, the latter the Civil State." In Gregory's mind, the entire Christian world was his Empire. The temporal Princes were his vassals, every Kingdom of Europe was his fief, every crown, his to give and to take away. The keys of Heaven and of Hell were in his hands; he was the Infallible representative of Jehovah; and when he spoke, nations must shout, "_The voice of the Pope, is the voice of God!_" To defend such a power and advance its banners, a disciplined and devoted soldiery was necessary: hence, the priests who could not take wives and have children. A family would _divide their allegiance_. Hence, also, the convent and the confessional, to furnish an outlet to the ungovernable natural desires of full-sexed men.