The Inns and Taverns of "Pickwick": With Some Observations on Their Other Associations — John Shaqi
The Inns and Taverns of "Pickwick": With Some Observations on Their Other AssociationsMatz, B. W. (Bertram Waldrom)
History
The Inns and Taverns of "Pickwick": With Some Observations on Their Other Associations
Matz, B. W. (Bertram Waldrom)
Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870. Pickwick papers; Taverns (Inns) -- England
In 1648 and 1672 exhibitions of landlords' tokens of various inns
were held, whereat were shown two belonging to "La Belle Sauvage,"
the sign of one being that of an Indian woman holding a bow and
arrow, and the other, of Queen Anne's time, that of a savage
standing by a bell, and it has been conjectured that this latter
sign may have suggested the name. But as the inn was known as "Ye
Belle Savage" some sixty years previously this is hardly likely.
Another conjecture as to its origin was made by Addison in The
Spectator, who, having read an old French romance which gives an
account of a beautiful woman called in French "La Belle Sauvage"
and translated into English as "Bell Savage," considered the name
was derived from that source. Alderman Sir W. P. Treloar, in his
excellent little book on "Ludgate Hill," puts forth another idea.
"As the inn," he says, "was the mansion of the Savage family, and
near to Bailey or Ballium, it is at least conceivable that it would
come to be known as the Bail or Bailey Savage Inn, and afterward the
Old Bail or Bailey Inn." We prefer, however, to favour the Isabella
Savage theory as the likely one.
Long before Elizabeth's time and long after-wards the inn was a
very famous one. In the days before Shakespeare the actors gave
performances of their plays in the old inn yard, using the
courtyards as the pit in theatres is used to-day, and the upper
and lower galleries for what are now the boxes and galleries of
modern theatres. In 1556, the old inns, such as the "Cross Keys,"
the "Bull" and "Belle Sauvage" were used extensively for this
purpose, the latter, we are told, almost ranking as a permanent
theatre. We find Collier also stating that the "Belle Sauvage"
was a favourite place for these performances.
Originally the old inn consisted of two courts, an inner and outer
one. The present archway from Ludgate Hill led into the latter,
which at one time contained private houses. A distinguished resident
in one of these (No. 11) was Grinling Gibbons. According to Horace
Walpole, Gibbons carved an exquisite pot of flowers in wood, which
stood on his window-sill there, and shook surprisingly with the
motion of the coaches that passed beneath. The inn proper,
surrounded by its picturesque galleries, stood in a corner of the
inner court, entered by a second archway about half-way up the yard.
Part of the inn abutted on to the back of Fleet Prison, and Mr.
Tearle in his Rambles with an American, bearing this fact in mind,
ingeniously suggests that the conception of the idea for smuggling
Mr. Pickwick from the prison by means of a piano without works may
have been conceived in Mr. Weller's brain while resting in the
"Belle Sauvage" and contemplating the prison wall.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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