The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New GranadaLea, Henry Charles
History
The inquisition in the Spanish dependencies: Sicily—Naples—Sardinia—Milan—the Canaries—Mexico—Peru—New Granada
Lea, Henry Charles
Inquisition
This won as little obedience as the previous royal utterance and the
Deputati were kept busy in attending to the cases of those who suffered
from the persistent employment of inquisitorial methods--efforts which
were sometimes successful but more frequently in vain. It was probably
some special outrage that induced the Deputati, in 1711, to employ
Nicolò Capasso to draw up a report on inquisitorial methods. The work is
a storehouse of inquisitorial principles as set forth by accredited
inquisitorial authorities--papal decretals and manuals of practice such
as those of Eymerich, Peña, Simancas, Albertino, Rojas, the Sacro
Arsenale etc., admirably calculated to excite abhorrence by laying bare
the complete denial of justice in every step of procedure, the pitiless
cruelty of the system and the manner in which the lives, the fortunes
and the honor of every citizen were at the mercy of the malignant and of
the temper of the tribunal. Yet so far from being an advocate of
toleration, Capasso commences by arguing against it at much length.
Religion, he says, is the foundation of social order and the principle
of toleration infers toleration of irreligion. Protestants are
intolerant between themselves and the Catholic system cannot endure
toleration. That which is taught by the philosophers is chimerical, and
a community to be stable must be united in faith, but the enforcement of
this unity is a matter for the secular power. Punishment must be
corporal and the Church has authority over the spirit alone, not over
the body. An allusion to the _gravissime agitazioni_ of the people would
indicate that his labors were called forth by some action which had
aroused especial resentment.[192]
It was all in vain. By the death of his brother Joseph I, Charles VI
succeeded to the empire in 1711. Wars and other interests diverted his
attention from Naples and, though he consistently resisted the pressure
from Rome to give the Inquisition recognition, the bishops continued to
exercise inquisitorial jurisdiction in inquisitorial fashion. The
Deputati did what they could, but the success of their efforts depended
upon the uncertain temper of the successive imperial viceroys, who,
though they might sometimes manifest a spasmodic readiness to enforce
the royal decrees, did not countervail the persistent ecclesiastical
determination to wield the power afforded by inquisitorial
methods.[193]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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