The instinct of workmanship, and the state of industrial artsVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The instinct of workmanship, and the state of industrial arts
Veblen, Thorstein
Industrial arts -- History; Industries -- History; Technology -- History; Workmanship -- History
It is already a
time-worn colloquialism, inasmuch as it is now already some time since
the ubiquitous routine of the machine process first impressed on the
common man the sinister eventuality covered by the phrase.
The relation in which the consumer, the common man, stands to the
mechanical routine of life at large is of much the same nature as that
in which the modern skilled workman stands to that detail machine
process into which he is dovetailed in the industrial system. To take
effectual advantage of what is offered as the wheels of routine go
round, in the way of work and play, livelihood and recreation, he
must know by facile habituation what is going on and how and in what
quantities and at what price and where and when, and for the best
effect he must adapt his movements with skilled exactitude and a
cool mechanical insight to the nicely balanced moving equilibrium of
the mechanical processes engaged. To live--not to say at ease--under
the exigencies of this machine-made routine requires a measure of
consistent training in the mechanical apprehension of things. The mere
mechanics of conformity to the schedule of living implies a degree of
trained insight and a facile strategy in all manner of quantitative
adjustments and adaptations, particularly at the larger centres of
population, where the routine is more comprehensive and elaborate.
And here and now, as always and everywhere, invention is the mother
of necessity. The complex of technological ways and means grows
by increments that come into the scheme by way of improvements,
innovations, expedients designed to facilitate, abridge or enhance
the work to be done. Any such innovation that fits workably into the
technological scheme, and that in any appreciable degree accelerates
the pace of that scheme at any point, will presently make its way into
general and imperative use, regardless of whether its net ulterior
effect is an increase or a diminution of material comfort or industrial
efficiency. Such is particularly the case under the current pecuniary
scheme of life if the new expedient lends itself to the service of
competitive gain or competitive spending; its general adoption then
peremptorily takes effect on pain of damage and discomfort to all
those who fail to strike the new pace. Each new expedient added to and
incorporated in the system offers not only a new means of keeping up
with the run of things at an accelerated pace, but also a new chance of
getting left out of the running. The point is well seen, e. g., in the
current competitive armaments, where equipment is subject to constant
depreciation and obsolescence, not through decline or decay, but by
virtue of new improvements. So also in the increase and acceleration
of advertising that has been going on during the past quarter of a
century, due to increased facilities and improved methods in printing,
paper-making, and the other industrial arts that contribute to the
appliances of publicity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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