I did not continue trials with zinc, because just then I obtained a
handsome piece of Kellheimer stone for the purpose of rubbing down my
colors on it; and it occurred to me that if I painted this stone plate
with my wax ink, it would serve as well for practicing as copper or
zinc, with very little labor in grinding and polishing. The experiments
succeeded, and though I had not thought originally that the stone itself
might be used for printing (the samples I had seen hitherto of this
Kellheim limestone were too thin to withstand the pressure exerted in
printing), I soon began to believe that it was possible. It was much
easier to do good work on the stone than on the copper. I observed also
that I needed weaker and much diluted aqua fortis.
A stone mason told me that he could provide me with this sort of
limestone in plates from one inch to eight inches thick. Thus I needed
not to fear cracking of the stone; and the only thing that I needed to
invent, in order to use the stone just like copper, was either a way to
give the stone a better polish, or else a tint which would be easier to
rub away than the ordinary copper-plate printing-ink. The stone will not
take the polish that is demanded with ordinary printer's ink,--and
perhaps this is the reason why the stone has not been used long before
my time as substitute for copper, for I imagine that such attempts must
have been made.
I tried all possible kinds of polishing and grinding without attaining
my purpose completely. The result was best when I poured a mixture of
one part of concentrated oil of vitriol and four or five parts of water
over the stone after polishing it. This mixture, which is very sharp,
has the property of boiling immediately when poured over the stone, but
ceasing instantly, so that one is tempted to believe that the vitriol
has sated itself and lost its power. This is not so, however; for the
same fluid, placed on an untouched part of the stone, boils again at
once. The reason is that a firm skin of gypsum forms at once on the
stone, and this remains impervious to the fluid. If now the etching
fluid is poured off and the stone is rubbed lightly with a rag, it
attains a shining polish. Unfortunately this is so thin and weak that
one can make barely fifty impressions without repeating the process,
which involves some loss to the drawing. But if one desires to print in
the present chemical style, that is, wet, and the stone is polished
before the drawing, one can make several thousand imprints, which will
be described in the proper place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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