Suppose that a design shall be colored black, blue, and red, and that
all these colors shall be put simultaneously on one plate. Take a stone
made ready for pen work, and prepare it first of all with phosphoric
acid, nutgall, and gum, then wash it with water, and let it dry. Now
draw-in all that is to be red with chemical ink, that must, however,
contain only just enough soap to permit its solution. When this drawing
is dry, etch it into pretty high relief, the higher the better. After
this prepare the stone with gum, wash it, and let it dry again. Then
coat it with etching-ground that has been dissolved in oil of
turpentine, and draw-in all that is to be black, between and over the
high etched parts. Then etch this design pretty powerfully into
intaglio, after which wash with water, rinse with alum solution, and
dry. When the plate is thoroughly dry, rub-in printing-color, and clean
with a woolen rag dipped into gum solution and oil of turpentine. Then
it will become white everywhere except in the deep lines where it will
have taken color. After cleansing again with water and drying, draw-in
all parts that are to be blue, using a chemical ink that contains a
great deal of soap. Let this dry well, and cleanse the plate with gum
and oil of turpentine again. Then it is ready for inking-in.
To lay on the color, proceed as follows:--
First the black is rubbed-in, as prescribed in the article on the
intaglio style. In the very deep parts the stone will get very black. In
the parts last drawn, that are level with the surface, it will be only
gray, if the color permits ready wiping, which can be facilitated by the
use of gum and a woolen rag. Then the tone remaining on the level parts
drawn with the chemical ink will be so pale that it will not affect the
blue color. Now wipe a rag dipped in blue color gently to and fro till
everything that is to be blue has taken the color well. Then take the
dauber which has been filled with red color, and pat the stone, which
should be dry by that time. Then the parts of the design in high relief
will take the red color, and thus an impression can be made with the
three colors at once. Each inking-in must be done the same way.
III
USE OF THE STONE FOR COTTON-PRINTING THROUGH WIPING. A UNIQUE PRINTING
PROCESS
Etched copper plates have been used for some considerable time for
cotton-printing, and as the ordinary oil colors were not suitable for
this, while the suitable colors were too fluid, so that they were always
wiped out of the engravings, another method was devised. The plate was
covered with color and then a kind of straight edge was scraped across
it, which removed all color from the surface, leaving it only in the
depressions.
This same sort of wiping is applicable to stone, and it is necessary
merely to see that the stone is very even and highly polished. The color
must be one that permits itself to be wiped off clean, and the wiper
must be very uniform and sharp.
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