The other fragment in this type is a little pamphlet of eight pages, printed on parchment and upon one side only. It is described by some as a _Horarium_, or a little book of prayers; by others as an _Abecedarium_, or a child’s primer. It contains the Alphabet (all the small letters but not the capitals), the Lord’s Prayer, the Ave Maria, the Apostles’ Creed, and two prayers. The Alphabet has the _k_, a letter that was not used in the Latin language; it has no _w_, this letter being formed by the union of the two characters _v_. Holtrop says that the types seem to have been made for the Dutch language. The “turning upside down” of four letters on the second page of this little work proves that the letters are impressions from movable types. Line 2. _Paue_ should be Pane. Line 3. _Cotidiaun_ should be Cotidianu. Line 5. _uobis_ should be nobis. Line 6. _uostra_ should be nostra. This little tract was discovered in 1751 by the celebrated type-founder Enschedé, of Haarlem, in a manuscript breviary of the fifteenth century, among the books of the descendants of John Van Zuren, a printer of Haarlem in 1561. If barbarous type-founding and shabby printing could be accepted as conclusive evidence of the superior antiquity of [p290] the book in which these faults occur, the _Abecedarium_ should be the oldest piece of printed matter. One cannot imagine a printed book with more slovenly workmanship. Its types present all the irregularities of the _Donatus_ previously described. The pages have but nine lines of types to each page, yet they are very crooked. This crookedness was partially produced by an unskillful fastening, or locking-up of the types, but it is plain that the types were of irregular size as to body, and that the letters were badly adjusted upon the bodies. Some types are high and others low to paper, and there are types that are legible at one end of the face and not at the other. The presswork is wretched: we see the evidences of too weak and badly distributed ink and of uneven impression. The text shows many faults of composition in the division of syllables. To the observer who is not an expert in typography, the workmanship of the book seems that of a man who had no experience in any department of printing: the faults do not appear to be those of a badly taught printer, but those of an experimenter. [Illustration: First Page. The Enschedé Abecedarium. [From Holtrop.]] [Illustration: Second Page. The Enschedé Abecedarium. [From Holtrop.]]