The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His AssociatesDe Vinne, Theodore Low
History
The Invention of Printing.: A Collection of Facts and Opinions, Descriptive of Early Prints and Playing Cards, the Block-Books of the Fifteenth Century, the Legend of Lourens Janszoon Coster, of Haarlem, and the Work of John Gutenberg and His Associates
De Vinne, Theodore Low
Incunabula -- Bibliography; Printing -- History -- Origin and antecedents
This peculiarity, coupled with the well known fact that
Gutenberg subsequently made at Mentz, three fonts of types on bodies of
different size, but closely approximating each other, lead me to the
belief that this tool of four pieces should have been some kind of an
adjustable type-mould.
The only book which can be offered with plausibility as the work of
Gutenberg in Strasburg is a _Donatus_, of which four leaves are now
preserved in the National Library at Paris. This _Donatus_ is a small
quarto, containing twenty-seven lines to the page. The similarity of
the types of this book, both in face and body, to those of the _Bible
of 42 lines_, suggests the thought that both books were the work of the
same printer; but the cut of the letters, the founding of the types and
the printing of the book are vastly inferior.
It is possible that Gutenberg may have printed some books at Strasburg,
but we do not know anything about them. There were many difficulties
connected with the proper development of typography, and he may have
labored over them many years without any satisfactory result.[247] His
earlier experience could not have been materially different from that
of other inventors: he may have been kept for years on the threshold
of success, vainly trying to remove some obstruction which blocked up
his way. If we suppose that Gutenberg [p401] began, as a novice would
probably begin, by founding types of soft lead in moulds of sand, the
printer will understand why he would condemn the types made by this
method. If he afterward made a mould of hard metal, and founded types
in matrices of brass, we can understand that, in the beginning, he had
abundant reason to reject his first types for inaccuracies of body and
irregularities of height and lining. To him as to all true inventors,
there could be no patching up of defects in plan or in construction. It
was necessary to throw away all the defective work and to begin anew.
Experiments like these consume a great deal of time and quite as much
of money. The testimony shows that the money contributed by some of the
partners in the association had been collected with difficulty. We may
suppose that when this had been spent to no purpose, they were unable
or unwilling to contribute any more.
[Illustration: Fac-simile of the Types of a Donatus attributed to
Gutenberg at Strasburg.
[From Bernard.]]
It may be that the failure of the Strasburg associates was due solely
to the audacity of Gutenberg, whose plans were always beyond his
pecuniary ability. Even then he may have purposed the printing of
the great _Bible of 36 lines_ in three volumes, which he afterward
completed in an admirable manner. In trying to accomplish much, he may
have failed to do anything of [p402] value. Whatever the reason, it
is certain that his partners abandoned Gutenberg and his invention. We
read no more of Riffe and Heilmann in connection with typography.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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