In addition to his signal system, therefore, Dr. Robinson is clearly entitled to the credit of having made, before the inception of electric railroading, a simple basic invention in his bond wire, which has made modern electric railroading possible, an invention indispensable to the successful operation of electric railroading as practiced today. This invention has saved the electric roads untold millions of dollars and enabled them to accomplish results in a simple manner which could not otherwise be as well secured at any cost, by the only alternative method, of running return contact conductors in the air. WILLIAM ROBINSON. [Illustration: WILLIAM ROBINSON, PH.D.; E. & M.E. Original inventor and patentee of the Automatic Electric Signal Systems now in use on the leading railroads in the United States and Foreign Countries.] DR. ROBINSON'S RECORD FROM WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY William Robinson, B.A., 1865; M.A., 1868, Alpha Delta Phi. Ph.D. Boston University, 1907. Born November 22, 1840, in Ireland. Principal of High School, Ansonia, Conn., 1865-66. In the oil region, Pennsylvania, 1866. Taught in Stamford, Conn., 1867. Principal of Spring Valley Academy, N.Y., 1867-69. Engaged in the oil business in Pennsylvania, 1869-72. President and General Manager of the Robinson Electric Railway Signal Company, 1873. Engaged in business in Boston, Mass., 1875-81. Organized the Union Electric Signal Company, 1878. Traveled in Europe, Egypt and Palestine for fifteen months, 1879-80. Inventor of the Robinson wireless electric railway signal system, of the Robinson radial car truck, of the coaster brake used on bicycles, of roller bearing skates, and of a repeating telephone. Engaged in developing and practising electric engineering. Author: History of Automatic Electric and Electrically Controlled Fluid Pressure Signal Systems for Railroads. Died January 2, 1921, Brooklyn, New York. A.I.E.E. RECORD OF DR. WILLIAM ROBINSON Copy of Dr. Robinson's record made from original application No. 1265 to the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 33 West 39th Street, New York City. (Record filed July, 1909.) References given by Dr. Robinson: William B. Potter. E. W. Rice, Jr. Theodore Stebbins, Dallas, Texas. Frank J. Sprague, 165 Broadway. Prof. Chas. A. Cross, M.I.T. Prof. Elihu Thomson. Goss & Bryce, Mech. Eng., 76 William Street. George L. Fowler, Cons. Eng., 53 Broadway. Wm. Wallace White, Foreign Patent Solicitor and Consul, 309 Broadway. WILLIAM ROBINSON (A.M., PH.D.) ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEER Born November 22, 1840, North of Ireland, of Scotch-Irish descent on paternal side and English on maternal side. ELIGIBLE FOR TRANSFER: Under clauses (a) and (c). EDUCATION: Graduate of Wesleyan University, full Academic course, receiving the degrees of A.B. in 1865 and A.M. in 1868.