have known the name they called themselves, and the reason for it: and what more likely than that they should endeavor to render the idea it conveyed _literally_ into their own language? May not the Sioux name for them, therefore, have been originally Äyu’h’äpä, deduced thus: Ä is the preposition _on_ or _upon_; yu “as a prefix to _adjectives_ and sometimes to nouns, it sometimes forms verbs, and means to _make_ or _cause to be_” (Dakota-Lexicon); h’ä, is an _adjective_, meaning, (says the Lexicon) “_gray_ or _mixed_, as black and white, the black appearing under the white, as in the badger;” and pä, signifying _head_. This combination would be literally, “upon—to cause—graymixed—the head:” which is exactly the idea that the Ioway themselves and the Winnebago also seek to convey by their respective names Pähutch’æ, the _Dusty-Heads_, and Wähōtch’ærä, the _Gray_, (through dust?) People. EARLY HISTORY OF THE IOWAY The earliest mention[60] of the Tribe is in Le Sueur’s narrative of his expedition in 1700 to the fancied copper mines[61] of _Riviere_ _de Vert_, (the Blue Earth tributary of the Minnesota river), embodied in La Harpe’s mss.[62] HISTORY OF LOUISIANA, parts of which including Le Sueur’s NARRATIVE, have been recently published.[63] As to this mine, we are told in the mss. copy[64] in the Congressional Library of the RELATION OF PENICAUD, the shipwright who accompanied Le Sueur—“a man, (says Neill,[65] the erudite historian of Minnesota) of discernment but little scholarship”—that: M. Le Sueur had heard of the mine some years before while travelling in the country of the Aiaos—(or Aivoe: the name has been written twice: and the orthography is obscure,)—where he traded. This acquaintance with the Ioway must have been achieved when, as chief trader,[66] he occupied the “factory” of “Fort Perrot” on the “left” or east bank of the Mississippi,[67] just below Point Le Sable, near the foot of Lake Pepin: which first trading post of the upper Mississippi was erected in 1683, by Nicholas Perrot[68] and M. le Sueur by order of Governor De la Barre,[69] of Canada, “to establish (says the historian Neill) friendly alliances with the Ioway and Dakota”; and this post was for years the only one in all that region, until Le Sueur himself, in 1695, built the “French factory” of “Isle Pelee,” at the “right” bank, on Prairie or “Bald” Island, about ten miles below the St. Croix. The Ioway, (as will hereafter appear), occupied at that time a not very remote nor inaccessible location from Fort Perrot, in the region around and amidst the head waters of the Des Moines and Blue Earth rivers, and being allies of the Sioux, they doubtless brought their furs and obtained their trading supplies of Le Sueur at this “Fort”: and it is not improbable that Le Sueur (and his engages) also travelled in their country on hunting or trading expeditions.