Produced by deaurider, Paul Marshall and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) Transcriber’s Notes: Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text. Carat symbol “^” designates a superscript. Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals. Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs. Old or antiquated spellings have been preserved. Typographical errors have been silently corrected. _HANDBOOKS OF THE GREAT CRAFTSMEN_. EDITED BY G. C. WILLIAMSON, LITT.D. Illustrated Monographs, Biographical and Critical, on the Great Craftsmen and Workers of Ancient and Modern Times. Edited by G. C. WILLIAMSON, Litt.D. Imperial 16mo, with numerous Illustrations, 5_s._ net each. _First Volumes of the Series_ THE PAVEMENT MASTERS OF SIENA. By R. H. HOBART CUST, M.A. PETER VISCHER. By CECIL HEADLAM, B.A. THE IVORY WORKERS OF THE MIDDLE AGES. By A. M. CUST. _Others to follow._ LONDON: GEORGE BELL AND SONS NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN CO. [Illustration: DOSSETTER PHOTO.] [BRITISH MUSEUM 1. LEAF OF A DIPTYCH Byzantine, fifth century [_See p._ 55.] THE IVORY WORKERS OF THE MIDDLE AGES BY A. M. CUST [Illustration] LONDON GEORGE BELL AND SONS 1902 CHISWICK PRESS: CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. TO MY DEAR FATHER I DEDICATE THIS BOOK. PREFACE This little book can do no more than humbly touch the fringe of a large subject; but if it leads the reader to a further study of this beautiful craft, it will have amply fulfilled its duty. I must express my deep obligation to the magnificent volume on ivories by M. Emile Molinier, whose masterly arrangement of a very fragmentary and scattered subject is a model of lucidity; and also to Dr. Hans Graeven, whose scholarly researches and excellent photographs are indispensable for a real study of the craft. A. M. CUST. _December, 1901._ CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii BIBLIOGRAPHY xvii