27. (p. 127)--Pierre Biard, S. J., writer of several of the early Acadian _Relations_, was born at Grenoble, France, 1567, and died at Avignon, November 17, 1622. In 1608, he was called from a chair of scholastic theology and Hebrew, in Lyons, by Father Coton, the King's confessor and preacher, to take charge of the Jesuit mission in Acadia. His several accounts of the colony, with the part taken by himself in notable episodes, do not always agree with the version of Lescarbot. See Parkman's _Pioneers_, part ii., chaps, v.-viii.; also, R. P. Felix Martin's _Life of R. P. Pierre Biard,_ S. J. (Montreal, 1890). 28. (p. 127)--Claude Aquaviva, S. J., born 1544; elected general of the Society of Jesus, 1581; died, 1615; a Neapolitan nobleman; chamberlain of the Court of Rome; fifth general of the order, and ranked by some historians as its ablest legislator and second founder. See Nicolini's _History of the Jesuits_, pp. 210, 257. 29. (p. 127)--Fathers Biard and Massé sailed January 26. 30. (p. 129)--_Brother-coadjutor._ The six classes of the order of Jesuits were: (1) novices, (2) lay-brothers, (3) scholars, (4) coadjutors, (5) Jesuits of the Third Order, and (6) Jesuits of the Fourth Order. See Thomas D'Arcy McGee's _Lecture on the Jesuits_. 31. (p. 133)--Biencourt and Robin de Coulogne, not having means to equip and provision the vessel which was to convey Biard and Massé to Port Royal, made an arrangement with Dujardin and Duquesne, two merchants of Dieppe, by which the latter undertook to furnish the equipment and supplies in consideration of being admitted as partners in Poutrincourt's fur-trading and cod-fishing enterprise. Concerning this _Contract d'Association des Jésuites au Trafique du Canada_, made January 20, 1611, see Parkman's _Pioneers_, p. 288, _note_. Cf. also, Rochemonteix's _Jésuites_, vol. i., p. 32. These partners, being Huguenots, objected to the shipment of the Jesuits, but finally sold their interests for 2,800 livres to Madame de Guercheville, whose part in this expedition is related in note 33, _post_. See Biard's succeeding letter, for fuller details of this adventure. 32. (p. 133)--_Formal order of the Queen._ October 7, 1610, the young King, Louis XIII., wrote from Monceaux to Baron de Poutrincourt: "Monsieur de Poutrincourt, as Father Pierre Biard and Father Ennemond Massé, religious of the Society of Jesus, are being sent over to New France to celebrate the divine services of the church and to preach the Gospel to the people of that country, I wish to hereby recommend them to you, that you may, upon all occasions, assist and protect them in the exercise of their noble and holy calling, assuring you that I shall consider it a great service."