35 (p. 169).--Slafter thinks that these roots were probably those of Jerusalem artichoke, _Helianthus tuberosus_. This plant, indigenous in the Northern regions of America, had been carried to Europe by the Italians, who named it _girasole_ (their word for the sunflower, another species of _Helianthus_), afterwards corrupted to _Jerusalem_. Champlain saw these plants cultivated by the Indians--in 1605, near Cape Cod; and again at Gloucester, in 1606.--See _Champlain's Voyages_ (Prince Soc.), vol. ii., pp. 82, 112. The savages also cultivated ground-nuts, of several varieties; among them, _Arachis hypogæa_ and _Apios tuberosa_.--See Carr's "Food of Certain American Indians," in _Proceedings of American Antiquarian Society_, vol. x., part i., pp. 168, 169. Lescarbot says the roots mentioned in the text were called _canadas_; Ferland thinks they were those of _Apios tuberosa_ (_Cours d'Histoire_, vol. i., p. 84). 36 (p. 171).--The smelt, _Salmo eperlanus_, is found in both salt and fresh water; it is four to eight inches in length. 37 (p. 171).--A small, narrow inlet (_Ance_, on Bellin's map, 1764), at the head of which is a portage to St. Mary's Bay. 38 (p. 171).--Haliburton, in his _Nova Scotia_ (Halifax, 1829), p. 15, _note_, says it is the stream now known as the Allen River; but Lescarbot, in our text, and in his chart of Port Royal, identifies it with the larger river now called Annapolis. He says it was "named l'Equille, because the first fish taken therein was an équille." Its length is about 70 miles, 30 of which are navigable. Littré defines _équille_ as "the name, on the coasts between Caen and Havre, of the fish called _lançon_ at Granville and St. Malo, a kind of malacopterygian fish, living on sandy shores, and hiding in the sand at low tide." 39 (p. 173).--The legitimate children of the king himself, as distinguished from those of other branches of the royal family, the latter being only "princes and princesses of the blood." 40 (p. 175).--Du Chesne (or Duquesne), and Du Jardin; see _Relation_ of 1616, _post_. Ferland says (_Cours d'Histoire_, vol. i., p. 80, _note_): "In the _History of Dieppe_, vol. ii., mention is made of Abraham Du Quesne, a Calvinist, who commanded a Dieppe vessel engaged in the American and Senegal trade. He was father of the celebrated admiral of the same name, born at Dieppe in 1610." Shea adds (_Charlevoix_, vol. i., p. 262, _note_), that he "was an ancestor of the Governor of Canada, whose name was once borne by Pittsburgh."