The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth TheoryRobertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Religion
The Jesus Problem: A Restatement of the Myth Theory
Robertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Jesus Christ
Given a general hostility between Nazaræans and Pharisees, the
ascription of anti-Pharisaic teachings to the Master would have been
in the ordinary way of all Jewish doctrinal propaganda. In so far as
they acclaimed sincerity and denounced formalism, they are intelligible
as part of a general revolt against Judaic legalism. Nazaræans would
invent anti-Pharisaic teachings just as they or "Catholics" would
invent pro-Samaritan teachings. And in so far as the Ebionites resisted
the assimilation of fresh supernaturalist folk-lore they would tend
to put appropriate sayings in the mouth of the Master just as did the
others. They are expressly charged not only with inventing a saying
[395] in denunciation of sacrifices, by way of sanctifying their
vegetarianism, which was presumably an aspect of their poverty, but of
tampering in various ways with their texts. [396] This is precisely
what the gospel-makers in general did; and to impeach the Ebionites
in particular is merely to ignore the general procedure. When, then,
we say that Ebionites might well invent a saying in which the Master
was made to repudiate Godhood, and that such a saying might find its
way into many manuscripts, as did other passages from their Hebrew
gospel, it is quite irrelevant to raise questions of "wickedness"
and of "worship."
But it is important here to note the point, insisted on by Professor
W. B. Smith, that most of Professor Schmiedel's "pillar" texts
could be framed with no thought of lowering the status of Jesus,
while some, on the contrary, betray the motive of discrediting the
Jews. The story of Jesus' people (hoi par' autou, not "friends"
as in our versions) saying "He is beside himself" (Mk. iii, 21), is
simply a Gentile intimation that even among his own kin or associates
he was treated as a madman. The idea is exactly the same as that of
the story in the fourth gospel, that "the Jews" said he "had a devil"
and was a Samaritan. Similarly "tendential" is the avowal (Mk. vi, 5)
that at Nazareth the wonder-worker "could do no mighty work ... and
he marvelled because of their unbelief." Healing in other texts
is declared to depend on faith; and to call the people of Nazareth
unbelievers was either to explain why Jesus of Nazareth there had no
following or to emphasize the point that the Jews had rejected the
Lord. Such a doctrine, again, as that of Mt. xii, 31, that blasphemy
against the Son of Man was pardonable, was perfectly natural at a stage
at which the cult was seeking eagerly for converts. Had not Peter,
in the legend, denied his Lord with curses, and Paul persecuted the
Church to the death?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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