[129] [_While Varvvara_ [Sanskrit: वर्व्वर] _is what appeared in the original book, it was common to omit the cross on the lower circle in some forms of writing, so Barbbara_ [Sanskrit: बर्ब्बर] _is also possible. Hindi Wikipedia lists the desired word as Barbara_ [Sanskrit: बर्बर].--_Transcriber_.] [130] Here the mincing French pronunciation has done its very worst wholly denaturalizing the Perso-Arabic word. [131] [_The text is transcribed as it was in the original book. However Sín in Arabic and Persian is written_ [Arabic: س].--_Transcriber_.] [132] [_The Sanskrit is transcribed as written in the book. However that word would be transliterated Naṭa. Nath would be_ [Sanskrit: नठ]--_Transcriber_.] [133] _Asiat. Res._, VII. 451. [134] _Histoire de la Géorgie_, Part I., p. 338. The modern Armenians call the Gypsies Boscha, possibly from Bokchá, by which the Russian Gypsies denote Hungary. [135] I am not a little surprised to see a scholar like Mr. Gladstone declaring that “Kadmos signifies a foreigner” (_Homer: Primer._) The “Old One” with his sixteen letters is supposed by M. Freret (_Canon Chronologique_) to have settled at Bœotian Thebes in B.C. 1590, or some century and a half before Troy was founded (B.C. 1425). [136] “L’Age de Bronze,” _Revue des Deux Mondes_, July 15, 1877. [137] [Chap. xxxi. 22.] [138] Borrow; _El Gitanismo_. [139] Tamerlane is our corruption of Taymúr--_i.e._ long, limping Taymur. The Gypsies call Asmodeus Bengui lango, the lame devil, the devil on two sticks. Not a few Hungarian Chingáneh accompanied the Napoleonic armies to Spain. [140] For instance, Roberts on Ezekiel (chaps. xxix. and xxx.). [141] An Urdú-Zabán has been formed in Italy, where the soldiers drawn from a multitude of provinces, each speaking its own dialect, not to say _patois_, have developed a special speech. The officers are obliged to study this “pidjin-Italian.” [142] The feminine plural is not given; analogy would suggest it to be Ghanázineh. [143] The same cry used by the Egyptian Gypsies: see Von Kremer’s Notes. [144] Literally, a far-seer. The Persian word _dúr_, far or distance, Germ. _dort_ and Engl. _forth_, is familiarly used in Hindustani, and its compound forms are frequent in Turkish. [145] The Id el Zuhá, alias Kurbán Bayrám, the festival of the yearly pilgrimage to Mecca. [146] [_The Arabic word is_ [Arabic: أولاد نائل] _which is currently translterated as Ouled Ná'il_.--_Transcriber_.] Part II _TOPOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON THE GYPSIES AND THE JATS_ CHAPTER IV HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE GYPSY IN EUROPE