The relation, or the contrast, between magic and religion has been a constant subject of discussion since the publication of Tylor’s Primitive Culture. For the present the contrast stated in the text may suffice. Footnote 37: _Sei deo sei deivae sac_ (C. I. L. vi. 110); _sive deo sive deae_ (_ibid._ iii, 1212); _sei deus sei dea_ (_ibid._ xiv. 3572). _Cf._ also Not. d. Sc. 1890, p. 218. Footnote 38: Such a story as that of Mars and Nerione may belong to genuine Roman mythology. The enormous spread of Latin translations of Greek poems, and the wide popularity of Greek plays, rapidly drove out all the native myths which had attained no literary form. Footnote 39: Livy V. xxi. 3, 5. Footnote 40: Macrob. Sat. III. ix. 7-8. Footnote 41: The authenticity of this particular application of the formula has been questioned; Wissowa, s. v. Evocatio (deorum); Pauly-Wiss. vi. 1153. The proofs that the formula has been extensively modified are not conclusive. The _evocati di_ received a special form of ritual at Rome. Festus, p. 237, a, 7. Cf. Verg. Aen. ii. 351-352. Footnote 42: For the Dioscuri, Livy, II. xx. 13. Apollo, Livy, III. lxiii. 7; IV. xxv. Both introductions are placed in the fifth century B.C.E. The historical account of the reception of Cybele and of Asclepius, Livy, Per. ix. and xxix. 10 seq. Footnote 43: The _lectisternium_ is generally conceded to be of Greek origin. The ceremony consisted in formally dressing a banquet table and placing thereat the images of some gods, who reclined on cushions and were assumed to be sharing in the repast. Footnote 44: Cic. De Nat. Deor. i. 119. CHAPTER III GREEK AND ROMAN CONCEPTS OF RACE Footnote 45: The extreme of racial fanaticism will be found in H. S. Chamberlain, Grundzüge des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts. Footnote 46: Aristophanes, Acharn. 104, Ιαοναῦ and the Schol. _ad loc._: ὂτὶ πάντας τοὺς Ἕλληνας Ἰάονας ἐκάλουν οι βάρβαροι. Footnote 47: After the defeat of the Persians, the victors set up a tripod at Delphi, about the stem of which a bronze serpent was coiled. About this serpent ran an inscription, τοίδε τὸν πόλεμον ἐπολέμεον, “The following took part in the war.” Then follows the list of the Greeks beginning with the Lacedemonians. Here, if anywhere, a collective term denoting the common origin of all these nations might have been expected. Footnote 48: Euripides, Iph. Aul. 1400; Aristotle, Pol. I. ii. 4; ὡς ταὐτὸ φύσει βάρβαρον καὶ δοῦλον ὄν. Footnote 49: Isocrates, Pan. 181. Footnote 50: Demosthenes, In Mid. 48 (xx. 530). Footnote 51: Daniel xi. 3. Footnote 52: Besides the flings at barbarian descent scattered throughout the orators (cf. Dem. In Steph. A. 30), Hellenic origin was required for all the competitors in the Olympian games. Herodotus, v. 22. Footnote 53: