Josephus, Antiquities, XI. vii. Reference to the same incident in Eusebius, Chron. (Ol. 103), Syncellus (486, 10), and Orosius (iii. 7) depends upon Eusebius. The general statement of pseudo-Hecataeus (ap. Joseph, in Ap. i. 22) is, of course, worthless as evidence. Ochus was especially noted for his sacrilege. (Cf. Aelian, N. A. x. 23). Footnote 64: After the death of Antiochus Sidetes, in 129 B.C.E., the various occupants or claimants of the Syrian throne are scarcely to be distinguished by nickname or number. They are uniformly imbeciles or puppets, and the last of them, Antiochus XIII, dies miserably at the hands of a Bedouin sheik. Footnote 65: In the Talmud John Hyrcanus is always יהוחנן כהן הגדל, but Alexander is יני המלך. On the coins John styles himself High Priest; but Jannai, on both his Hebrew and Greek coins, bears the title of King, יהונתן המלך and Αλεξάνδρου βασίλεως. Cf. Madden, Coins of the Jews. We have no record that the royal title was specifically bestowed upon Jannai, either by the Seleucids or by the people. It is therefore likely that it was assumed without such authorization. The high-priesthood, on the other hand, was duly conferred upon Simon and his descendants. CHAPTER V INTERNAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE JEWS DURING THE PERSIAN PERIOD Footnote 66: Cf. especially the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, in the editions of Kautzsch or Charles. Footnote 67: That the name is Sira and not Sirach, as it appears in the LXX, is generally accepted. It was the practice of Greeks to put a final Χ to foreign names to indicate that they were indeclinable. Cf. Ἰωσήχ (Luke iii. 26) for José. Footnote 68: Ecclesiasticus xlviii. 24. Footnote 69: Job iv. 7 seq. CHAPTER VI THE FIRST CONTACT BETWEEN GREEK AND JEW Footnote 70: Σύριος means scarcely more than “Oriental” in Aeschylus (Persae, 81, Σύριον ἅρμα; and Ag. 1312, Σύριον ἀγλάϊσμα). Footnote 71: Except Hittite and Amorite, these names have no non-Biblical occurrence. Footnote 72: Caphthor is rendered Cappadocia in the LXX (Amos ix. 7), for no better reason, it may be, than the similarity between the first syllables. The Keftiu ships of the Egyptian monuments are scarcely other than Mycenean, and if they came from Crete, Minoan (Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt, ii. 492). That the Philistines are of Cretan origin is, in the absence of monumental sources, a pure theory. It fits in well, however, with what we do know of them. Footnote 73: The Jews were commanded by Ezra to put away their “strange wives” (Ezra x. 10) for the specific reason that the latter incited them to idolatry. Instances of intermarriage occur in the papyri from Elephantine (see ch. IV., n. 3). Footnote 74: