It appears that the Augilans are the merchants who carry on the commerce between Egypt and Fezzan; for which, their middle situation, and ready communication with the port of Bengasi, qualify them. The people of one of their most populous towns,[41] _Mojabra_, are solely occupied with this commerce: and Mr. Horneman contrasts, in a most unfavourable light, the character of these traders, with the people of the other towns, whose employment is agriculture. In a few short remarks, we are shewn, in the most pointed manner, the natural, and almost necessary effect, of the occupations of mankind on their moral habits. Notwithstanding the possession of this commerce, Augila is still a very poor place indeed. It may be remarked, that _Augila_ is one of the few places in Africa that has preserved its ancient name entire. VI. _The Harutsch, White and Black._ These remarkable tracts (of which see the description above, page 48 _et seq._) had been noticed by Ben Ali, to Mr. Beaufoy, who has recorded them (in chap. x. of the Proceed. Afr. Assoc. for 1790;) the one under the description of the rocky Desert of _black_ and _naked rock_, of four days extant; the other, of _soft_ and _sandy_ stone, of three days extent: but they are described in a very obscure manner, and their respective positions are transposed. Mr. Horneman appears to have employed nearly fifty hours in crossing the _black_ Harutsch; fourteen more in the _white_ Harutsch; or altogether sixty-four hours, equal to eight ordinary caravan days; which does not differ very widely from the report of Ben Ali, who allowed _seven_. The white Harutsch forms the extreme boundary of Fezzan, and extends southward, into the district of the _Tibbo Rshade_; of which more in the sequel. The black Harutsch appears to be much more extensive. Horneman was told, that it was in breadth five journies from east to west; (he crossed it in WSW direction;) and in length seven, from north to south. However, Mr. Horneman justly observes, that it must be more extensive, since he crossed a tract of the same nature, in his way from Fezzan to Tripoly; and even from that point it was said to extend a considerable distance to the west. He adds, that he learnt at Mourzouk, that there were black mountains also in the road from that place to Bornou: that is, to the south-east. Mr. Beaufoy was also informed, (See chap. iv. Afr. Proceed. 1790,) that a desert named _Souda_, (that is, _black_,) is crossed in the way from Mesurata to Fezzan; agreeing with Mr. Horneman’s report. The breadth, in a north and south direction, is given at four days, or somewhat narrower than in Mr. Horneman’s line of route from Augila.