The journal of Frederick Horneman's travels, from Cairo to Mourzouk, the capital of the kingdom of Fezzan, in Africa, in the years 1797-8Hornemann, Friedrich
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The journal of Frederick Horneman's travels, from Cairo to Mourzouk, the capital of the kingdom of Fezzan, in Africa, in the years 1797-8
Hornemann, Friedrich
Berber languages; Fezzan (Libya) -- Description and travel; Libyan Desert -- Description and travel
Mr. Horneman says, that the _cultivated_ part of Fezzan has an extent
of 300 British miles from north to south; by 200 from east to west:
which dimensions have a general agreement with Mr. Beaufoy’s,
in respect of the _area_ of _the whole_; but Mr. Beaufoy makes it a
circle, whilst Mr. Horneman makes it an oval. It would appear, also,
that Mr. Horneman reckons the whole extent thus given by himself and
Mr. Beaufoy as cultivated land; and we know too little of the actual
geography to attempt any detail. Mr. Horneman came to the eastern
border of Fezzan at 44 to 45 hours, equal to about 110 B. miles by the
road, from Mourzouk. In order to justify Mr. Horneman’s calculation,
Mourzouk ought to stand nearly in the centre, between the eastern
and western limits; but Mr. Beaufoy says, that the territory does
not extend far to the west of the capital.
Again, Mr. Beaufoy allows five days from the northern boundary,
at the edge of the black Desert, to Mourzouk: that is, about 100
B. miles by the road. And from Mourzouk southward to the mountains of
_Eyre_, the southern boundary, fourteen days; equal to 280 such miles:
total 380: or perhaps, in direct distance, 350 such miles. But there
lies in the midway, a desert of five journies in breadth; and it is
uncertain to what point Mr. Horneman reckons.
The dependencies are very extensive. The regions of the Harutsch,
together with Wadan, Houn, (or Hun), and Sockna, all of which
lie _beyond_ the Harutsch, Mr. Horneman classes as belonging to
Fezzan. Sockna should be a place of note, as its merchants are
in possession of the chief part of the commerce, between Fezzan
and Tripoly.
Mr. Horneman was informed that there are 101 inhabited _places_ in
Fezzan; and it is remarkable that this is precisely the number stated
in M. Delisle’s Map of Africa, drawn in 1707; and Mr. Beaufoy’s
informant said, little less than 100. But amongst these, there are
few places of note, and still fewer whose positions are given; and
in the report of these, Mr. Beaufoy’s informant differs in some
respect, from Mr. Horneman.
Of the position of the capital, Mourzouk, I have already spoken,
very fully.
Zuila, or Zawila, (probably the _Cillaba_ of Pliny, lib. v. c. 5.) is
placed, by Mr. Horneman’s route, at 59 G. miles to the _eastward_
of Mourzouk. Mr. Beaufoy was told that it was 7 days journey distant,
and the bearing, in his reports, varies from _east_ to _ENE_. I have
allowed E by N. This was the capital in the time of Edrisi:[42]
and probably, from this circumstance, some of the neighbouring
nations still call the country of Fezzan, _Seela_, as we are told
by Mr. Horneman.
Temissa, another principal town, is placed by Mr. Horneman about 7
hours travelling, to the eastward of Zuila. This appears to be the
_Tamest_ of Edrisi, situated at 40 journies (of his scale) from Cairo.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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