The journal of Frederick Horneman's travels, from Cairo to Mourzouk, the capital of the kingdom of Fezzan, in Africa, in the years 1797-8Hornemann, Friedrich
History
The journal of Frederick Horneman's travels, from Cairo to Mourzouk, the capital of the kingdom of Fezzan, in Africa, in the years 1797-8
Hornemann, Friedrich
Berber languages; Fezzan (Libya) -- Description and travel; Libyan Desert -- Description and travel
Horneman further informs us, that the ancient building which he
describes, stood in the _centre_ of the area, and partly on a rock;
and at the same time observes, that the ground generally throughout
the area was broken and dug up in search of treasure; from which
may be inferred that formerly there were _other buildings_ within
the inclosure. On this head it is almost unnecessary to cite ancient
authorities; it will appear from a view of the well known ruins in
Greece, Sicily, and the Magna Græcia, &c. that the ancients often
availed themselves of one and the same circumvallation, and erected
different temples within the general inclosure; so, in the Achaicis
of Pausanias, cap. cxx. the temples of Minerva and of Diana Laphia
are within the same boundary of wall, without enumerating the many
other instances in that curious journal; or to the three temples
actually remaining at Pæstum, &c. within the inclosure of one
and the same wall. In reference to the subject more immediately
under consideration, the _Ammonian temples of Juno and Mercury_
were in high repute with the Greeks, as mentioned in the Eliacis,
p. 416, edit. Kuhn: and these temples were probably within the same
inclosure as that of Ammon. The temple of Ammon being the principal,
might be supposed to be erected in the _centre_ and _on the rock_,
which strong foundation may have in part yet preserved it, whilst
the foundations of the others more easily dug and broken up, have
brought those edifices low to the ground; and hence the very materials
(as we are told) have been carried away, and no vestiges remain but
of the area of the earth having been disturbed and heaped, as the
work of search, dilapidation, and pillage was carried on.
Fourthly, Mr. Horneman was shewn, at the distance of half a mile
from the ruins, “_a spring of fresh water, which takes its rise
in a grove of date trees, and in a most romantic and beautiful
situation_.”
This description precisely answers to that of the _Fountain of the
Sun_, mentioned by ancient writers: and the distance from the chief
temple too, seems to agree. “Haud procul arce _extrinsecùs_ alterum
Hammonis fanum jacet, quod multæ arbores proceræ inumbrant, et _fons
proximus est_, ὀνομαζομένη Ἠλίου κρήνη·” Diod. Sic. Tom. II. p. 199.
So too Curtius, “Est etiam aliud Hammonis nemus; in medio habet fontem;
_Aquam Solis vocant_.” Lib. iv. cap. 7.
Thus far the merely descriptive accounts agree. If a further point
can be ascertained, it will be conclusive, and the beautiful spot
visited by our traveller, be identified as that of the Fountain of
the Sun, situated _extrinsecùs_, or without the inclosure, in which
stood the principal temple of Ammon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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