The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences — John Shaqi
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
At the base of the Cambrian rocks in Wales, Dr. Hicks has described a
marked volcanic series under the name of "Pebidian," which he claims as
pre-Cambrian, alleging that it is separated from the Cambrian system
by an unconformability, and a band of conglomerates. I have carefully
studied the evidence on this ground, and have come to the conclusion
that there is no unconformability at the line in question, but that the
ordinary Cambrian strata graduate downwards into the volcanic group
and can not be disjoined from it. I therefore regard the so-called
"Pebidian" as merely marking the duration of a volcanic period in early
Cambrian time.
It will thus be seen that according to my view the unmistakably
pre-Cambrian rocks of Britain consist of, first and oldest, the
Lewisian gneiss; second, the Torridonian sandstones and conglomerates.
The Uriconian and Longmyndian formations may prove to be in part or
in whole equivalents of the Torridonian. The Dalradian rocks have not
yet had their position determined. They may possibly mark a distinct
pre-Cambrian series, but it seems quite as probable that they are only
a metamorphic complex in which Archæan, Torridonian and Cambrian, or
even Lower Silurian rocks are included.
=Sir Archibald Geikie=,
Director-General of the Geological Survey of Great Britain and Ireland.
ARE THERE TRACES OF GLACIAL MAN IN THE TRENTON GRAVELS?
In a paper published in _Science_, Nov. 25. 1892, I undertook to study
the evidence relating to paleolithic man in the eastern United States
from a new point of view,--that furnished by certain recently acquired
knowledge of the contents of quarries and shops where modern aboriginal
flaked implements were made. It was shown that all rudely flaked forms
could be sufficiently accounted for without the necessity of assuming
a very rude state of culture, and that any people, paleolithic or
neolithic, would in roughing out blades--the principal product of the
flaking process--produce precisely these forms and in great numbers
as refuse. It further appeared that the finding of these objects in
sporadic cases in glacial gravels or in any formation whatsoever, could
not be considered as proving or tending to establish the existence of
a particular grade of stone-age culture for the region in which the
formation occurs, since they may as readily pertain to a neolithic
as to a paleolithic status. It was conclusively shown that no worked
stone that can with reasonable safety be called an implement has been
reported from the gravels, and that it is therefore clearly useless,
not to say unscientific, to go on enlarging upon the evidence of an
American paleolithic period and multiplying theoretic details of its
culture.
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