The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
Using the distinction between theory and practice, which is as old
as Aristotle, geology in its theoretical aspect is more easily
comprehended than is the theoretical aspect of most of the modern
sciences. This arises first from the fact that the facts and phenomena
are of a simple and grand nature, making it possible for the teacher
to direct certain attention to the specific facts under consideration.
The water of the rivers, the mud by the road side, the rocks and sands
on the shore are familiar objects to all, and it is a simple matter to
call attention by ordinary language to the specific facts regarding
them, which, analyzed out, are to form the basis of exact ideas and
scientific definition and classification. Geology is the one science
among the natural sciences which may begin with the common language
of the pupil, and by means of such language alone may build up ideas
of precise phenomena in scientific terms. Physiography or physical
geography surpasses geology proper in this particular, as the admirable
work of Professor Davis is showing, and on this account it is the best
introduction to geology. But the very largeness and indefiniteness
of the facts are in the way of the use of physical geography for the
exercise of the finer and more exact functions of observation. The
disciplinary value of classics and mathematics is to a considerable
extent derived from this quality, the precision with which the words
or figures kindle like ideas. So long as the object of the training
is to teach the knowledge of ideas and how to use them, classics and
mathematics are the simplest and purest means of developing a liberal
education. The addition of sciences to the college course is not
because of the usefulness of the knowledge of things thus to be gained,
but because the language of the sciences is essential to call forth the
observation and the exercise of the accompanying mental operations.
When it comes to dealing with the ideas associated with particular
sense-observation, where form or motion can not be expressed in
simple mathematical terms, language can not communicate a new idea
or kindle it in another mind with precision. It is necessary by some
means to recall or to present the object itself to the student. In
the teaching of science this point is of great importance, and much
of the unsatisfactoriness of science-teaching is doubtless due to
failure to note it. No circumlocution of words can arouse in another
or communicate to him the idea appropriate to a sensation he has never
felt. The blind man whose eyes are opened sees men as trees walking.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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