The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences — John Shaqi
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
the rocks since the appearance of this original banded structure.
There is further evidence that beside the original eruptive masses,
which for want of any means of discriminating their relative dates
of protrusion must in the meantime be regarded as belonging to
one eruptive period, other portions of igneous material have been
subsequently and at successive epochs, after the first mechanical
deformations, injected into the body of the original gneiss. These
consist of dykes of basalt and dolerite, followed by still more basic
peridotites and picrites, and lastly by emanations from a distinctly
acid magma in the form of granites. The oldest or doleritic dykes form
a wonderful feature in the gneiss, from their abundance, persistence
and uniformity of trend in a west-northwest direction. They have no
parallel in British Geology until we reach the crowded dykes of older
Tertiary time.
Throughout this remarkable complex of eruptive material, though its
different portions present many features that may be compared with
those of intrusive bosses and sheets belonging to later geological
periods, there is no trace of any superficial volcanic manifestation.
No tuffs or agglomerates or slaggy lavas have been detected, such
as might serve to indicate the ejection of volcanic materials to
the surface. All the phenomena of the Lewisian gneiss point to the
consolidation of successively protruded portions of eruptive material
at some depth within the crust.
Nevertheless it may yet be possible to show that these deep seated
masses have been injected into rocks of older date and of sedimentary
origin, and that they have communicated with the surface in true
volcanic eruptions. I have already alluded to one limited area where
various rocks exist, distinctly different from the prevalent types in
the Lewisian gneiss. In the area which is traversed by the long valley
of Loch Maree in western Rosshire, there occur clay-slates, fine mica
schists, graphitic schists, and saccharoid limestones. These rocks
remind us of some of the prevalent members of a series of metamorphosed
sediments. The minerals enclosed in the marbles are just such as might
be expected in the metamorphic aureole of a granite boss, piercing
limestone. But the relations of this group of rocks to the ordinary
gneiss of the region are not quite so clear as could be desired, though
they seem to point to these rocks being surrounded by and enclosed
within the gneiss.
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