The Journal of Geology, May-June 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazone of Geology and Related SciencesVarious
Science
The Journal of Geology, May-June 1893: A Semi-Quarterly Magazone of Geology and Related Sciences
Various
Geology -- Periodicals
Though the sulphides of manganese are easily oxidized, they are
not so unstable that, had they ever been formed in considerable
quantities in sedimentary deposits, they would, even at considerable
depths, have left no trace of their former presence. Moreover, the
sulphide of manganese, as produced artificially,[24] is soluble in
certain organic acids, notably acetic, and, as the conditions for the
deposition of sulphides of metals in sedimentary deposits generally
require the presence of organic matter, it is not improbable that some
of the acids given off by such matter would be capable of dissolving
sulphide of manganese. Here, then, is one reason why manganese might
not be deposited as sulphide under some conditions which would cause
the precipitation of sulphide of iron. Moreover, the artificial
formation of sulphide of manganese (alabandite) in the laboratory is
brought about most easily at high temperatures. It has also been
noted that when manganese, in the form of the alloys spiegeleisen and
ferro-manganese, is added to molten steel, it bodily removes a part of
the sulphur; and it is thought by some metallurgists, that sulphide of
manganese is formed and carried into the slag.
These and other indications of the more easy transition of manganese
into the form of sulphide at high rather than at low temperatures
afford another cause which might prevent sulphide of manganese from
being formed in sedimentary deposits, for such deposits are usually
laid down at ordinary temperatures. On the other hand, they also
afford a cause which might lead to the deposition of the sulphide of
manganese in certain metalliferous veins and other deposits, where the
temperature at the time of deposition may have been high.
In many of the silver and lead deposits of the Rocky Mountains
manganese oxides occur with the superficial oxidation products of the
sulphides of other metals, and it has often been suggested that the
manganese also was originally in the form of sulphide. This may be true
in some cases, for alabandite has been found in a few metalliferous
deposits in Colorado, Mexico, Germany, Peru and elsewhere, but in most
cases, at least in the Rocky Mountains, when the level is reached at
which the oxidized forms of lead, zinc, iron and other metals pass into
sulphides, the manganese passes into carbonate or silicate, and remains
in one or both of those forms to all depths that have been reached.
In the deposition of iron and manganese as sulphide, therefore, there
is a most marked difference of behavior, and here again is a good cause
for the separation of the two substances in sedimentary rocks, as will
be more fully explained below.
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