[1] In the preparation of this manuscript the following books have been useful: Thomas P. Bailey, _Race Orthodoxy in the South_ (New York: the Neale Publishing Company, 1914); Benjamin Griffith Brawley, _A Short History of the American Negro_ (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1913); Daniel Wallace Culp, _Twentieth Century Negro Literature_ (Naperville, Illinois, J. L. Nichols and Company, 1902); Albert Bushnell Hart, _The Southern South_ (New York, D. Appleton and Company, 1912); Mary White Ovington, _Half a Man_ (New York and London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1911); William Passmore Pickett, _The Negro Problem_ (New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1909); Charles Victor Roman, _American Civilization and the Negro_ (Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company, 1916); Gilbert Thomas Stephenson, _Race Distinctions in American Law_ (New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1910); Booker T. Washington, _My Larger Education_ (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1911); Booker T. Washington, _Working with the Hands_ (New York: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1904); Booker T. Washington and W. E. Burghardt Du Bois, _The Negro in the South_ (Philadelphia: G. W. Jacobs and Company, 1907); Booker T. Washington and others, _The Negro Problem_ (New York: J. Pott and Company, 1903); Willis Duke Weatherford, _Negro Life in the South_ (New York: Young Men's Christian Association Press, 1910); Carter Godwin Woodson, _The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861_ (New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1915).