[3] _Ibid._, 37; Beatty, _The Free Negroes in the Carolinas before 1860_, p. 3. The children, resulting from the intermixture and intermarriage of the races were likewise servants in these two colonies. Stroud, _Laws Relating to Slavery_, pp. 8-9. [4] Servitude was recognized in statute law in this colony by 1630-36. Ballagh, _Hist. of Slavery in Va._, pp. 32, 33, 36. [5] Washburn, _Slavery as It Once Prevailed in Mass._, p. 193. [6] Providence Isle was "an island in the Caribbean, off the Nicaraguan coast. In 1630 Charles I granted it, by a patent similar to that of Massachusetts, to a company of Englishmen, mostly Puritans, who held it till 1641, when the Spaniards captured it." Winthrop's _Journal_, II, pp. 227, 228, 260; Moore, _Notes on the Hist. of Slavery in Mass._, p. 5. [7] Ballagh, _Hist. of Slavery in Va._, note 2, quoted from _Calendar State Papers_, pp. 160, 168, 229. [8] Ante, p. 252, note 23. [9] Washburn, _Slavery as It Once Prevailed in Mass._, pp. 208, 215. [10] Nell, _Colored Patriots in Am. Rev._, p. 37. [11] "There shall _never_ be _any_ Bond Slavery, Villinage, or Captivity among us, unless it be lawful Captives taken in just Wars, and such strangers as willingly sell themselves, or are sold to us. And these shall have all the liberties and Christian usages which the law of God, established in Israel concerning such persons, doth morally require. This exempts none from servitude, who shall be judged thereto by authority." _Massachusetts Hist. Coll._, 28, p. 231; Palfrey, _Hist. of New England_, II, p. 30 [12] Moore, _Notes on Slavery in Mass._, pp. 62, 63-64, 248. [13] "A judgment is obtained, before the authorities at Manhattan, against one Coinclisse, for wounding a soldier at Fort Amsterdam. He is condemned to serve the company along with the blacks, to be sent by the first ship to South River, pay a fine to the fiscal, and damages to the wounded soldier. This seems to be the first intimation of blacks being in this part of the country.... Director Van Twiller having been charged, after Kiet's arrival, with mismanagement.... Another witness asserts he had in his custody for Van Twiller, at Fort Hope and Nassau, twenty-four to thirty goats, and that three negroes bought by the director in 1636 were since employed in his private service." Hazard, _Annals of Penn._, pp. 49-50; Turner, _The Free Negro in Penn._, p. 1. It is noteworthy that the Negroes among the Dutch were generally under the supervision of the Company or worked for officers of the Company. [14] Ante, p. 255, note 37. [15] "Let no blacks be brought in directly, and if any come out of Virginia, Maryld. (or elsewhere erased) in families that have formerly brought them elsewhere Let them be declared (as in the west jersey constitutions) free at 8 years end." Turner, _The Negro in Penn._, p. 21, notes 13, 14. [16] _Ibid._, p. 66. [17] _Ibid._, pp. 24, 25; Stroud, _Laws Relating to Slavery_, pp. 9-10.