CASE I.—W. T., aged twenty-five. Failure of vision extending over two years, with reduction of visual acuity to the power of counting fingers at three feet. Double optic atrophy; pupils medium, with distinct light response; knee-jerks distinct and no evidence of spinal disease, and no cerebral symptoms other than one or two attacks of giddiness. Urethritis, but no syphilis. CASE II.—F. R., aged thirty-eight. Double optic atrophy, with almost complete loss of vision, the defective sight having been observed for at least eighteen months; pupils dilated and immobile; no evidence of spinal disease, unless possibly some degree of failure of sexual power; no cerebral incidents; no history or evidence of syphilis. (_b_) _Optic Atrophy, with Other Ocular Evidence Suggestive of Locomotor Ataxy._ CASE III.—(By permission of Mr. Ernest Clarke, F. R. C. S.) R. C., aged thirty-nine. Double optic atrophy, reducing right visual acuity to the power to count fingers at four feet, and left to mere perception of light; right pupil dilated and three times the size of the left; neither any light response, but free movement on convergence; entire absence of symptoms and objective signs of spinal disease; “gleet” twenty years before, no syphilis. CASE IV.—A. S., aged twenty-five. Double optic atrophy, with observed failure of vision for twelve months. V. A. right-hand movements only; left, 6/18 part; pupils 2.5 mm., no light response, but contract on convergence; knee-jerks difficult to obtain, but movement, though possibly wanting in promptness, is normal in extent; no ataxia or other evidence of spinal disease; mother of three healthy children, no miscarriages. (_c_) _Optic Atrophy, with Some Evidence of Spinal Disease._ CASE V.—W. A., aged thirty-seven. Double optic atrophy, with reduction of visual acuteness to “hand movements;” pupils dilated and immobile; knee-jerks absent, but no other evidence of spinal disease; venereal sore when aged twenty; no recognized secondaries, and father of four healthy children. CASE VI.—J. G., aged thirty-five. Failure of sight (six months); optic atrophy, gradually increasing whilst under observation of twelve months; pupils not definitely abnormal; knee-jerks absent throughout, but no further appearance of spinal disturbance; urethritis, but no history of syphilis; father of two healthy children, wife no miscarriages. CASE VII.—F. L., aged thirty-nine. Double optic atrophy, reducing visual acuteness to 6/24, pupils very small, and with Argyll-Robertson phenomenon; subsequent to failure of sight (twelve months) has had shooting pains in thighs, and failure in retention power of bladder; knee-jerks distinct; no ataxia or sensory defect in lower limbs; venereal sore twenty years before; no recognized secondary syphilis; wife healthy: seven pregnancies, five miscarriages. (_d_) _Optic Atrophy, with Distinctive Evidence of Spinal Disease._