CASE XV.—H. W., aged thirty-eight, is the subject of hypermetropia, 4.5 D. Pupils very small, especially left; neither moves under light, but distinct contraction during convergence. Admits recent difficulty in descending stairs, saying he “frequently misses the bottom step,” and has suffered from “sciatica” for two years. No objective evidence of spinal disease, and urinary and sexual functions undisturbed. Admits gonorrhea, but denies syphilis. Wife miscarried eight months after marriage; no further pregnancies. CASE XVI.—R. S., aged forty-three. Hypermetropic and presbyopic. Pupils small, unequal, not quite circular, and with definite Argyll-Robertson phenomenon. Knee-jerks cannot be obtained (confirmed on three different dates), but no other sign or symptom of tabes dorsalis, unless “rheumatic pains” in lower limbs for several years. Unmarried; no history of syphilis. Four years ago had, after “catching cold,” to have urine withdrawn by a catheter, but no subsequent disturbance of bladder function. CASE XVII.—E. W., aged forty-eight. Myosis with Argyll-Robertson phenomenon; right ptosis and crossed diplopia (one month), without obvious ocular paresis; absence of right knee-jerk (confirmed on two occasions), and failure in retention power of bladder (six months), but no other evidence of spinal disease; vulvar sores and skin eruption six years before. III.—CASES IN WHICH AN OCULAR PARALYSIS IS THE EARLIEST OR DOMINATING SYMPTOM. (a) _Ocular Paralysis, without Other Evidence of Disease._ CASE XVIII.—(By permission of Mr. J. T. James, F. R. C. S.) F. D., aged thirty-seven. Dilated and immobile pupils, without any other ocular defect. No evidence of spinal disease; syphilis nine years ago; no change while under observation for three years. CASE XIX.—K. K., aged twenty-eight. Iridoplegia, double, followed by paralysis of left external rectus, the condition being under observation for nearly a year, but without the discovery of any satisfactory explanation. No evidence of spinal disease. Married, four healthy children, no miscarriage; during one pregnancy very free loss of hair (now grown again), but no other occurrence to suggest syphilis. No family or personal history of gout or rheumatism. CASE XX.—G. H., aged thirty-three. Dilated and immobile pupils, with incomplete ptosis and divergence of eyeball on each side. Present condition of four years’ duration, and separated by an interval of three years from venereal sore and skin eruption. No other ocular defect; no evidence of spinal disease, and general health good throughout. No change while under observation for three months. (b) _Ocular Paralysis, with Other Ocular Evidence Suggestive of Locomotor Ataxia._